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Torture Devices:

Medieval...and Even Modern. Torture Devices:. Reasons To Torture. Suppress dissent, maintain control To advance a political or social agenda To punish To get information. Reasons Not to Torture. Unreliable information/results Evidence often not admissible in court May backfire

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Torture Devices:

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  1. Medieval...and Even Modern Torture Devices:

  2. Reasons To Torture • Suppress dissent, maintain control • To advance a political or social agenda • To punish • To get information

  3. Reasons Not to Torture • Unreliable information/results • Evidence often not admissible in court • May backfire • Torture hurts the torturer and society • Torture violates professional ethics and religions traditions

  4. Strappado – Reverse Hanging

  5. The Wake of Juda's Cradle

  6. The Virgin of Nuremberg

  7. The Saw

  8. The Garrotte

  9. Rectal, Oral, and Vaginal Pear

  10. The Inquisitional Chairs

  11. Cat's Paw or Spanish Tickler

  12. Mask of Infamy

  13. The Heretic's Fork

  14. Coffin Torture Knee Splitter

  15. Stake Brazen Bull

  16. Water Torture

  17. Head Crusher Thumbscrew Torture

  18. Scavenger’s Daughter The Rack

  19. Wheel

  20. Lead Sprinkler Spanish Donkey

  21. Pillory

  22. Crocodile shears Breast Ripper

  23. Recent • Participation in capital punishment – U.S. • Nazi physicians • Research • Torture

  24. International Responses to Torture • 18th Century, enlightenment – “barbaric” – illegal – illicit • 20th Century • 1948 UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights Acts • 1947 Doctors Trial at Nuremberg • 1949 Geneva Convention, Art. 3 • 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights • 1975 Helsinki Accords

  25. Current Issues in Iraq, Afghanistan and Cuba. Medical Personnel: • Aided harsh interrogations directly & indirectly • Failed to intervene when witnessing abusive interrogations • Failed to do physical exams on victims and/or failed to record findings • Prepared incomplete or falsified death certificates • Tolerated systemic neglect of prisoners’ living situations

  26. Interrogations • Abuses • BSCT (Behavioral Science Consultation Teams) • Other medical personnel involvement

  27. Deaths • Beatings • Asphyxiations • Suspensions

  28. How did we arrive at this place? Follow the laws and What’s in a name? • 1996 War crimes Act 1996 • 2002 Executive Order, President Bush • 2006 Military Commissions Act

  29. Geneva Conventions: Part III Article 10. – General protection of medical duties • No punishment for carrying out medical activities compatible with medical ethics. • “Persons engaged in medical activities shall neither be compelled to perform acts or to carry out work contrary to, nor be compelled to refrain from acts required by, the rules of medical ethics or other rules designed for the benefit of the wounded and sick, or this Protocol.”

  30. Water boarding – Special Case • History • Senator McCain

  31. Reflections • What is the ethical dilemma? • Whose problem is it? • What ethical responses are possible? • Or obligatory?: (the may and the must)

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