Teleostei, continued….

1. Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformes toadfish 17 69 Lophiiformes anglerfish, batfish 16 297 Mugiliformes mullets 1 80 Atheriniformes silversides, grunion 5 285 Beloniformes needlefish, flying fish 5 191 Cyprinodontiformes livebearers, guppies 13 805 Stephanoberyciformes pricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformes squirrelfish, laternfish 14 123 Zeiformes John Dories 6 39

2. Beloniformes: flying fish mostly marine, soft-rayed, surface fishes; posterior dorsal, high pectorals, longer lower caudal lobe, low lateral line

3. Beloniformes: garfish, saury

4. Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformes toadfish 17 69 Lophiiformes anglerfish, batfish 16 297 Mugiliformes mullets 1 80 Atheriniformes silversides, grunion 5 285 Beloniformes needlefish, flying fish 5 191 Cyprinodontiformes livebearers, guppies 13 805 Stephanoberyciformes pricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformes squirrelfish, lanternfish 14 123 Zeiformes John Dories 6 39

5. Cyprinidontiformes, Poecilidae: mostly marine, soft-rayed, single dorsal fin guppies, platys, mollies, swordtails, pupfish, Gambusia

6. Mostly viviparous species Many with superfetation – compensates for low fecundity in each ‘batch’

7. Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae – killifishes many oviparous Banded killifish

8. Cyprinidontiformes: Anableps anapleps. - foureye fish, Amazon River Left-handed and right handed males, only mate with opposite female fin fused into gonopodium (intromittent organ)

9. Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformes toadfish 17 69 Lophiiformes anglerfish, batfish 16 297 Mugiliformes mullets 1 80 Atheriniformes silversides, grunion 5 285 Beloniformes needlefish, flying fish 5 191 Cyprinodontiformes livebearers, guppies 13 805 Stephanoberyciformes pricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformes squirrelfish, lanternfish 14 123 Zeiformes John Dories 6 39

10. Stephanoberyciformes: marine, deep-sea, to 3,500 m mostly very small (< 17 cm) bony ridges common on head

11. Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformes toadfish 17 69 Lophiiformes anglerfish, batfish 16 297 Mugiliformes mullets 1 80 Atheriniformes silversides, grunion 5 285 Beloniformes needlefish, flying fish 5 191 Cyprinodontiformes livebearers, guppies 13 805 Stephanoberyciformes pricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformes squirrelfish, lanternfish 14 123 Zeiformes John Dories 6 39

12. Beryciformes: marine, spiny fishes;many nocturnal, light-producing; largest ~ 60 cm squirrelfish

13. Beryciformes: Australian pineapplefish

14. Beryciformes; southern roughy, flashlightfish

15. fangtooth (18 cm)

16. Teleostei, continued…. Batrachoidiformes toadfish 17 69 Lophiiformes anglerfish, batfish 16 297 Mugiliformes mullets 1 80 Atheriniformes silversides, grunion 5 285 Beloniformes needlefish, flying fish 5 191 Cyprinodontiformes livebearers, guppies 13 805 Stephanoberyciformes pricklefish, whalefish 9 86 Beryciformes squirrelfish, laternfish 14 123 Zeiformes John Dories 6 39

17. Zeiformes: marine, spiny-fin fishes; some w. hugely extensible mouths worldwide coastal distribution, except far north Zeiformes John Dory, “Saint Peter’s fish”

19. Teleostei, continued…. Gasterosteiformes sticklebacks, seamoths, pipefish 11 257 seahorses Now separated into Syngnathiformes – pipefish, seahorses and Gasterosteiformes – sticklebacks, sea moths, dragonfishes Synbranchiformes swamp eels 3 87 Scorpaeniformes scorpionfish, sculpin 20 1,271 Perciformes tunas, drum, swordfish, 128 9,293 bluefishes, remoras, blennies, mackerels, angelfish, parrotfish, dolphins, snappers, perches… Pleuronectiformes flounder, flatfishes 6 570 Tetraodontiformes triggerfishes, puffers, molas 9 339 cowfish, boxfish

20. Syngnathiformes: Seahorses, sea dragons, pipefishes Marine, anadromous, and freshwater Bony body armor (rings around body or tail) Prehensile tails, no pelvic fins, elongate snouts Male parental care (internal brooding)

21. Syngnathiformes: shrimpfish, pipefish

22. Syngnathiformes: cornetfish – to 2 m long

23. Gasterosteiformes: Pegasidae (seamoths)

24. Gasterosteiformes: Gasterosteidae - sticklebacks Freshwater and anadromous; dorsal spines, body armor; nest builders, male nest guarders Brook stickleback Culaea inconstans

25. Teleostei, continued…. Gasterosteiformes sticklebacks, seamoths, pipefish 11 257 seahorses Synbranchiformes swamp eels 3 87 Scorpaeniformes scorpionfish, sculpin 20 1,271 Perciformes tunas, drum, swordfish, 128 9,293 bluefishes, remoras, blennies, mackerels, angelfish, parrotfish, dolphins, snappers, perches… Pleuronectiformes flounder, flatfishes 6 570 Tetraodontiformes triggerfishes, puffers, molas 9 339 cowfish, boxfish

26. Synbranchiformes: swamp eel freshwater, sub-tropical to tropical fins partly or entirely absent, scales lacking in most species reduced gills, aerial respiration in pharynx, intestine and skin protogynous hermaphrodites (female first)