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Best Practice in Parliamentary Education. Applying best practice in the Office of National Assembly, Vietnam Roland Rich, Director, CDI Australian National University. How do adults learn?. Children learn by Play Imitation Discipline Students learn by Study of assigned literature
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Best Practice in Parliamentary Education Applying best practice in the Office of National Assembly, Vietnam Roland Rich, Director, CDI Australian National University
How do adults learn? • Children learn by • Play • Imitation • Discipline • Students learn by • Study of assigned literature • Rote learning, memorisation, understanding • Analysis, appreciation
Continued • Adults learn by • Self-motivation not discipline • Investigation not memorisation • Preparation and follow-up • Admiration not imitation • Application of analysis • Appreciation of results
A few key concepts • Focused learning and specialisation • Practical and applied orientation • Learning through networking • Learning through discussion • Experiential learning • On the job learning • Learning from mentors
A few key techniques • Make it interesting (use various media) • Make it relevant (use true examples) • Take them out of everyday situations • Physically • Intellectually • Allow for lateral learning processes • Encourage curiosity and further learning
Some specific techniques • Observation, discussions with counterparts • Visiting counterparts in their place of work • Inviting admired speakers • Off-the-record, challenging discussions • Role playing, especially playing ‘the other’ • Group learning techniques – games, puzzles
Practices to be avoided • Classroom atmosphere • Work hierarchies • Rote learning • Passive learning • ‘one right answer’
Applying this to parliaments • Distinction: officials and elected members • Some training courses for officials • ANU (several ONA officials attend) • Also, Parliament of India, IPU • Elected members have tailored training • Study tours • Seminars
CDI Parliamentary Retreats • Regional focus, govt and opposition MPs • Partnership with a host parliament • Allow observation, discussion, networking • Designed to be enjoyed, not endured • Participatory and respectful of expertise • Employing high calibre resource persons • Maintaining alumni network, follow-up
Application to Vietnam • Distinction in Vietnam: full-time, part-time • Permanent MPs: sophisticated training • Part-time MPs need brief intensive courses • Permanent MPs as trainers of part-timers • Parliamentary culture: do all MPs have to attend all sessions of parliament? Can some training be held during Assembly sessions?
Issues for ONA consideration • Should all MPs be professional politicians? • Should MPs be encouraged to specialise? • How to link MPs with counterparts? • IPU, AIPO, UN conferences • Official delegations and study tours • How to encourage experimentation, individual initiative, new ideas • Should all mistakes be punished?