Rhetorical Devices: Ethos, Logos, Pathos

1. Rhetorical Devices: Ethos, Logos, Pathos 1-17/18

2. What’s Rhetoric? • Rhetoric – something expressed in terms to persuade somebody or argue a point • Rhetorical Devices– tactics used to aid in the argument or persuasion of an audience (ethos, logos, and pathos)

3. First, let’s watch a short video…. • http://youtu.be/x4tTugqBkJU

4. Ethos: Ethical Appeal Using ‘Ethos’, or ‘ethical appeal’ is an attempt to get a ‘stamp of approval’, ‘thumbs up’, or ‘like’ from your audience in terms or morale or principles.

5. Ethos is based on…. • Character • Credibility • Reliability

6. Ethos: Definition ethos - the character of a speaker or writer that is expressed in an attempt to persuade an audience; often developed using moral character, credibility, and reliability.

7. Ethos is developed through…. • Using credible sources • - Using quotations specifically focused on the moral of the topic being discussed • - Using appropriate and neutral language to discuss the argument/topic - Editing and properly formatting your paper

8. For Example… Which means he has great… So quoting him as a reference gives me great Ethos! Say I want to write about the Zombie Apocalypse…. I wouldn’t want to use just anyone’s information… He’s written many popular and well supported books on the subject… I want the most reliable and credible resource possible… • Character • Credibility • Reliability So of course! I would quote the all knowing Max Brooks…

9. An author loses Ethos by: • Using unreliable sources (e.g. Wikipedia) • Having poorly organized paragraphs • Including spelling and grammar errors in the final draft • Using disrespectful, rude, or offensive language and tone • Improperly Citing Sources • Omitting (leaving out) sources all together

10. So basically…. • Ethos involves both the credibility of your sources AND your writing!

11. Logos: Logical Appeal For Example…. I would need to use scientific evidence and studies to appeal to my audience If I were researching health issues in the U.S… Logos is best associated with the English word ‘logic’. It is ultimately, the appeal to the brain or logic, of the audience.

12. Logos: Definition Definition: logos –a rhetorical device used in debate/argument that uses evidence, statistics, and facts to build a logical argument to appeal to audiences

13. To use ‘logos’ one must: • Cite facts and statistics • Utilize historical and literary analogies, i.e. compare history with the topic at hand • Using advanced vocabulary and academic terminology • List Resources • Construct the argument in a logical fashion

14. Pathos: Emotional Appeal For Example… It is a more ‘animal like’ quality that appeals to the heart and emotions of an audience ‘Pathos’ is much more comparable to rock n’ roll…

15. Pathos: Definition pathos - a rhetorical device used in an argument or debate to appeal to an audience through their needs, emotions, and values; often to evoke sympathy and sadness *Trying to make the reader feel what the author feels*

16. Using Pathos, includes: • Inspiring anger, sadness, sympathy, or pityfrom the audience • Providing emotionally stirring examples or stories that support the author’s claim • Using sad or negative toned language • Often involves interviews or stories of individual cases for the argument

17. In the end…