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History of Hawaii

History of Hawaii. Earliest Hawaiians. 300-700 B.C. Polynesians who traveled to Hawaii by canoe Brought pigs, dogs, chickens, sweet potatoes, taro, coconut, sugarcane. Earliest Hawaiians (cont’d). No written language

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History of Hawaii

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  1. History of Hawaii

  2. Earliest Hawaiians • 300-700 B.C. • Polynesians who traveled to Hawaii by canoe • Brought pigs, dogs, chickens, sweet potatoes, taro, coconut,sugarcane

  3. Earliest Hawaiians (cont’d) • No written language • History, religion, and culture were all passed down through songs and chants

  4. Social Structure • King • Each island had its own king • Chief Minister (spiritual advisor to the King) • Ali’iChiefs of villages, put in place by the King • Kahuna • Craftsman of canoes, medicine, spells, etc. • Makaainana • Commoners (the poor, the workers) • Largest group of people

  5. “Kapu” System (Laws) • System of religious beliefs that held Hawaiian society together • Taboos, or things that should not be done • Examples • Men and women could not eat together • Women could not eat bananas, coconuts • Fishing could only be done in certain seasons • Men could only eat certain kinds of fish • Shadow of a commoner could not fall on a Chief • Breaking these laws was punishable by death! • Human sacrifice, losing your eyes, limbs, etc.

  6. “European Discovery” • January 1778 • Captain James Cook “discovers” the islands while searching for route from Alaska to Asia • First person to write about the Hawaiian’s riding waves on wooden boards (surfing!)

  7. How did Capt. Cook die in Hawaii?

  8. Kamehameha The Great • King Kamehameha I (1758-1819) • Learned combat from the British (Capt. Cook) • Conquered Big Island, Maui, Molokai, Lanai • To conquer to Oahu, he built a huge fleet of canoes to carry his warriors • Landed at Waikiki, drove the Oahu’ans back to Nu’uanu Pali

  9. Formation of Hawaiian Kingdom • After victory on Oahu, Kauai quickly agreed to peace • The 8 Hawaiian islands became one kingdom, with allegiance to Great Britain • American farmers begin moving to Hawaii in 1820s • 5 more “Kamehamea’s”

  10. Kamehameha IV (1834-1863) • During his reign, many foreigners (Americans) began trying to get Hawaii annexed to the United States • These were sugarcane plantation owners • Wanted more trade with the USA ($$$$$$)

  11. Kamehameha V (1830-1872) • The Civil War cut off sugar to the Northern states from the South • Created huge demand for sugar in the USA (northern states) • People (Americans and Hawaiians) created a Hawaiian Legislature, limiting power of the King • Lots of racial trouble • Fights in the Legislature between native Hawaiians and white Americans • Whites refused to speak “Hawaiian” in the legislature. Hawaiians refused to speak English • Last King of Hawaii who wasn’t elected

  12. Queen Lili’uokalani (1838-1917) • Struggled with fights between white businessmen and native Hawaiian politicians • Queen wanted to give more power back to the monarchy • 1887 - White businessmen formed a militia (1500 men) and a new government (Committee of Safety) • The Queen could have had them arrested for treason!

  13. Overthrow of Hawaii - 1898 • 1893 – • Lili’uokalani wanted peace, so she didn’t arrest them • However, the Committee of Safety’s militia took over the government buildings • The night before this, US marines landed on Oahu to “keep the peace” • The Queen was forced to accept the annexation of Hawaii to the United States • Native Hawaiians tried to revolt in 1895, which failed. • The Queen was arrested and sentenced to imprisonment in a bedroom in I’olani Palace

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