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Section B

Section B. Tracking Tobacco-Related Death and Disease. Points for Tobacco Surveillance. Tracking Smoking-Attributable Disease. Source: adapted by CTLT from Lopez et al. (1994). Lung Cancer Mortality: Australia. Lung, Males: Age-Standardized Incidence Rate per 100,000.

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Section B

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  1. Section B Tracking Tobacco-Related Death and Disease

  2. Points for Tobacco Surveillance

  3. Tracking Smoking-Attributable Disease Source: adapted by CTLT from Lopez et al. (1994).

  4. Lung Cancer Mortality: Australia

  5. Lung, Males: Age-Standardized Incidence Rate per 100,000 Male Lung Cancer Incidence Rate per 100,000 Image source: adapted by CTLT from GLOBOCAN. (2002). IARC.

  6. Global Distribution of Mortality Source: adapted by CTLT from Ezzati et al. (2004).

  7. Burden of Disease Due to Leading Risk Factors Source: adapted by CTLT from Ezzati et al. (2002). Lancet, 360, 1347–1360.

  8. Tracking Tobacco-Related Disease • Two approaches • Track trends in sentinel diseases (i.e., lung cancer, chronic lung disease) • Use estimates of attributable risk to calculate avoidable mortality due to tobacco use

  9. Points for Tobacco Surveillance

  10. Tracking the Tobacco Industry • Economic activity • Lobbying/influence • Corporate social responsibility • Marketing and promotion strategies • Brand stretching • Youth prevention programs • Statements about health

  11. Campaign Donations http://www.tobaccofreekids.org Image source: Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. (2007).

  12. A New Marketing Strategy Image source: Institute for Global Tobacco Control.

  13. A New Marketing Strategy

  14. Exposure to Tobacco Ads: Senegal Source: adapted by CTLT from Tobacco marketing and use survey of high school students, Lycée Lamine Guèye, Senegal. (1998).

  15. Tobacco Industry Targeting of Young People: Senegal Source: adapted by CTLT from Tobacco marketing and use survey of high school students, Lycée Lamine Guèye, Senegal. (1998).

  16. Points for Tobacco Surveillance

  17. Policy environment Smoke-free laws and regulations Taxation Advertising restrictions Warning labels Youth restrictions Vending machines Political will Economic dependence Social acceptability Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs Tobacco Control Environment

  18. Tracking Policy Environment • Posting of signs in health facilities • Signs with warnings of fines or penalty: 0.84% in Cambodia, and none in Vietnam

  19. Tracking Policy Environment

  20. Monitoring the FCTC • The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) • WHO Global Tobacco Report • Conference of Parties (COP) Report • Framework Convention Alliance (FCA) Monitor • Country reports

  21. Tracking Smoking Attitudes: Australia Source: adapted by CTLT from Borland et al. (1999).

  22. Smoking’s Changing Role in Popular Culture • Smoking prevalence among major adult movie characters Time trend for smoking prevalence among major adult movie characters (n = 4,893) compared with that in the U.S. adult population Source: adapted by CTLT from Worth, K. A., et al. (2006).

  23. Summary • Many possible points for tobacco control surveillance • Methods include direct observation, surveys, and biomonitoring • Use data to identify magnitude of the problem, motivate policy, and track impact of public health actions

  24. Cigarette Consumption in the U.S. (1900–2000) Source: adapted by CTLT from the U.S. Surgeon General’s Report. (2000).

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