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Ancient China

Ancient China. Main Idea : Many inventions and ideas from ancient China have influenced the modern world. Ancient China – Vocabulary Copy these term onto p. 60 of your Inbook. 1 . clan – a large group of friends and family

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Ancient China

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  1. Ancient China Main Idea: Many inventions and ideas from ancient China have influenced the modern world.

  2. Ancient China – VocabularyCopy these term onto p. 60 of your Inbook 1. clan – a large group of friends and family 2. bureaucracy- a form of government in which a few people rule many others 3. feudalism – a system of government based on landowners and tenants 4. philosopher – a person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment 5. plateau – a flat area of land that is elevated, or raised above the land around it 6. cultural diffusion- the spread of ideas, inventions and behaviors 7. unification- the process of unifying

  3. Geography of Ancient China

  4. I. Geography A. Civilization developed 3000-2500 BC 1. Along the Huang He (Yellow River) valley a. River is long and muddy (silt) b. Flooding is often disastrous 2. Himalaya Mountains (Mt. Everest, 29,000 ft)

  5. I. Geography 3. Tibetan Plateau - Roof of the World” 13,000 ft 4. Deserts a. Taklimakan Desert- “once you go in, you don’t come out” i. Sand dunes b. Gobi Desert – one of world’s largest deserts i. Stony, harsh temperatures

  6. China’s Deserts and Plateaus Taklimakan Desert Tibetan Plateau

  7. II. Four Dynasties and their Achievements

  8. A. Shang Dynasty 1750 BC 1. Arose from need for a government to regulate irrigation systems 2. Divided into social classes a. Nobles, craftspeople, traders, farmers, slaves

  9. A. Shang Dynasty 1750 BC 3. Achievements a. Use of bronze (mix of copper and tin) i. Bronze weapons and tools bring power and wealth b. Silk i. Silkworms raised for silk which was spun and made in rich cloth c. Calligraphy – writing with 2,000 characters i. Brush and ink onto silk, bamboo and later paper

  10. Zhou Dynasty Silk

  11. B. Chou (Zhou) Dynasty 1028-256 BC 1. Government - Mandate of Heaven a. Idea that rulers were gods – divine right- i. People had the right to revolt against unjust rulers b. Feudalism-system in which king owns all land and gives it to lords in i. Return for protection by soldiers

  12. B. Chou (Zhou) Dynasty 1028-256 BC 2. Achievements a. Use of money in the form of small coins b. Philosophy encouraged

  13. C. Ch’in (Qin) Dynasty 221-206 BC 1. Government – first emperor- Qin Shihuangdi 2. Achievements a. Standardization – unified China i. Uniform law ii. Standard currency iii. New roads

  14. C. Ch’in (Qin) Dynasty 221-206 BC b. The Great Wall- a symbol of China’s large size and long history i. Built to protect China from tribes like the Mongols and Huns ii. 1,500 miles wide road and connecting watchtowers iii. The first section took 300,000 soldiers and peasants to build over 10 years iv. Tomb for tens of thousands who died working on it

  15. Great Wall

  16. C. Ch’in (Qin) Dynasty 221-206 BC c. Terra Cotta Warriors i. 6,000 life-size terra cotta soldiers to protect the Emperor’s tomb ii. No two are the same

  17. D. Han Dynasty 206 BC-220 AD—Golden Age 1. Increased the size of the empire 2. Use of the Civil Service a. Men take a test to receive government positions b. Chinese emphasis on scholarship (education)

  18. D. Han Dynasty 206 BC-220 AD—Golden Age 3. Achievements a. Military- iron armor, swords and crossbow, gunpowder, use of the kite to send messages b. Government- bureaucracy- pyramid of civil service jobs c. Agriculture- chain pump to move water, iron plow, wheelbarrow d. Industry- silk production (kept secret), salt mines, paper, paper money e. Science – compass, seismograph, rockets, mechanical clock, moveable type f. Medicine- acupuncture, inoculation g. art- porcelain

  19. III. Chinese Philosophies A. Warring States Time Period 1. Three philosophies started during this time to create order out of chaos

  20. B. Confucianism 1. Confucius (Kongfuzi) 551-479 BC developed a new philosophy a. importance of good government ( civil service) b. importance of moral character, self control, proper conduct i. lead by example- the Golden Rule c. Yin and Yang (good and evil forces in nature) d. after his death his writings were put in a book, The Analects

  21. C. Taoism (Daoism) 1. Lao-tzu (real or legend?) late 500’s BC a. importance of little government b. goal to find harmony with tao ( the way of nature) i. balance yin and yang ii. bend like a blade of grass with the wind

  22. D. Legalism 1. Hanfeizi (prince in the Han dynasty) 280-233 BC a. people are naturally selfish i. need strict laws, rewards for good, harsh punishment for bad

  23. IV. The Silk Road A. Trade 1. 4,000 miles of roads connecting Europe with Asia a. Connecting the Roman Empire with China’s Han dynasty 2. Movement of goods, ideas and culture—cultural diffusion a. Silk, jade, spices, glassware, china, Buddhism

  24. Silk Road

  25. IV. The Silk Road 3. East Silk Road- crossed by caravans of camels over the deserts a. Dangers- bandits, sandstorms, mirages 4. Western Silk Road- yaks crossed over the mountains a. Dangers- altitude sickness, cliffs, lions, tigers, scorpions

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