Atlantic Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emissions (AIRE) Industry Kick-off Meeting

1. Atlantic Interoperability Initiative to Reduce Emissions (AIRE) Industry Kick-off Meeting Presented by: James McDaniel, AIRE PM October 26, 2007

2. AIRE cooperative agreement signed at Paris Air Show in June 2007 FAA European Union (EU) European Commission (EC) Hasten development of environmental improvements for all phases of flight Validate improvements with flight trials and demonstrations Introduction Jacques Barrot EU Vice President & EC Transport Commmissioner Marion C. Blakey FAA Administrator Airline Industry Under Pressure to “Go Green”

3. Program Overview • AIRE: • Objectives • Timing • Program structure • Funding • Metrics • Domains • Surface • Oceanic • Arrivals • Discussion

4. NextGen and AIRE • AIRE is part of the NextGen effort • Environmental constraints to aviation growth are real and looming • AIRE allows FAA to address near term issues in stepping stone approach and lay the foundation for the future • Ultimate goal is innovative solutions that offer environmental protection and system efficiencies

5. JFK ATL MIA AIRE Objectives • Hasten development of operational procedures to reduce aviation’s environmental foot print on a “gate-to-gate” basis • Quantify environmental benefits to aid in formulation of potential business cases • Accelerate incorporation and worldwide interoperability of procedures/standards • Capitalize on existing technology on either side of Atlantic • Identify implementation issues, obstacles, choke points, metrics and solutions, working with our European partners Showcase FAA “International Leadership” in Environmental Area

6. Timing • Near Term • Conduct joint interoperability demos • Demonstrate environmental benefits achievable today • Mid Term • Definition of business case • Safety analysis • Joint production of standards in unified government / industry process • Environmental impact analysis • Long Term • Transition modules / segments to implementation

7. Oceanic EnRoute EnRoute Departure Arrival Surface Surface AIRE AIRE Domains

8. Management Team Program Manager Jim McDaniel (ATO-P) Metrics Lead Sandy Liu (AEE) Arrival Leads Marc Buntin (ATO-P) Jim Arrighi (ATO-R) Kevin Chamness (ATO-E) Oceanic Leads Thien NGO (ATO-P) Kevin Chamness (ATO-E) Surface Leads Tom Prevost (ATO-P) Steve Shema (ATO-T)

9. JFK $2.8M AIRE Funding FY08 NextGen NextGen Portfolio Oceanic Surface Arrival $4.8M $4.6M $5.0 M AIRE Projects FY07 Arrival Surface Oceanic $2.25M $0.0M $1.5M AIRE project funds are embedded in the NextGen portfolio funds, with the exception of JFK

10. Metrics Lead: Sandy Liu (AEE)

11. Environmental Approach • The AIRE domain demonstrations are proof of concept ATM system enhancements that have shown to offer major environmental benefits as well as improved operational efficiency. • For each AIRE domain technology/technique, statistically significant levels of fuel savings and emission and noise reductions will be quantified for the participating trans-Atlantic flights. • The cumulative measures will identify the overall potential “gate-to-gate” environmental mitigation possible for trans-Atlantic flights.

12. AIRE Environmental Measurement Goals (Reduce fuel burn/emissions)

13. Surface Domain Project Lead: Tom Prevost

14. NextGen Surface Objectives • Provide shared surface situational awareness • Enable airline / user surface decision support tool development • Develop FAA surface decision support tools • Promote surface collaboration between users and FAA • Develop information-sharing mechanisms between user and FAA surface decision support systems • Perform metrics collection / analysis to support business decisions on value of surface decision support • NextGen Objectives supported by AIRE demo

15. FY-08 AIRE Surface Objectives • Establish surface surveillance at JFK New York • Accelerate ASDE-X installation (ATO-T) • Provide surface surveillance to airport users (ATO-P) • Install ASDE-X data distribution system (ATO-P) • Augment ASDE-X to provide ramp area coverage • Perform metrics collection / analysis

16. Surface Benefits • Better collaboration • All participants see same picture and have the same data • Better communication mechanisms • Better asset utilization • Shorter taxi time / ground engine time • Less fuel • Fewer emissions • More efficient taxi • Fewer stops • Shorter or no delay at hold short line

17. JFK – Ramp Coverage Airline Ramp Cargo Ramp Maintenance & GA

20. JFK – Proposed Plan

21. FY 2008 FY 2009 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr JFK Surface System Phase I - Design Phase II - Site Prep / Construction Phase III - Installation Phase IV - Site Acceptance Test Phase V - Optimization Phase V – Handover Surface Data to Users ASDE-X IOC Site Planning Site Prep Ramp RU Design Install SAT Optimization Handover Surface Surveillance Data to Airlines 6-30-2008 ASDE-X Operational in ATCT 8-31-2008 8-31-2008 FY-08 Schedule – JFK Surface Surveillance (Draft)

22. JFK AIRE Risks Risk Inventory and Assessment Coordination of MOAs, NCPs, and SCAPs

23. Government ASDE-X program office Volpe Command Center Industry Sensis AIRE Surface: Potential Partners Airports • Port authority of NY/NJ • Six ramp towers Airlines • Delta • Jet Blue • American • United • UPS

24. Oceanic Domain Project Leads: Thien Ngo & Kevin Chamness

25. 2012 2013 2010 2009 2008 2011 NextGen Oceanic TBO Planning Horizon ADS-C ITP Ops Trials ADS-B ITP Ops Trials ADS-B Pair-Wise Maneuvers ADS In-Trail Procedures Integration with OTM4D Web Enabled Collaborative Trajectory Planning DOTS+ Online Collaborative Pre-Departure Oceanic Trajectory Management-4D (Pre-Dept OTM4-D) Pre Dept OTM4-D Global Harmonization Pacific Ops Trials Collaborative ATM/Trajectory Based Operations AIRE Proof of Concept Demo Oceanic Trajectory Management 4D– In-Flight Evaluator Begin Ops Trials Oceanic Trajectory Managed Airspace and Oceanic Autonomous Airspace Con-Ops Delivery

26. FY-08 Oceanic Focus:In-Flight Oceanic Trajectory Management - 4D (OTM 4-D) • Goal: • Improve fuel efficiency, reduce green house gas emissions, thru enhance aircraft performance by enabling operators to fly closer to their optimal trajectories • Approach: • Through optimization analysis tools, identify beneficial profile changes for aircraft pairs and traffic flow • Recommended profile changes for optimization via degrees-of-freedom control actions Optimal Flight Level 30 NM separation Speed Change for optimization Sub-Optimal Flight Level • In FY’2008 an In-Flight OTM-4D proof of concept demonstration will be conducted as part of the AIRE partnership

27. Aircraft on a Pre-Optimization Flight profile 1 Optimization Tool recalculates profile on updated conditions 2 Oceanic Coordinator trail probes Improved trajectory 3 Aircraft A FL 300 Mach 0.84 Profile Available: Coordinator sends new profile to controller for clearance 4a Profile Not Available: Coordinator trial probes alternatives (Speed, Altitude, Route) 4b Alternative profile sent to Flight Operations for assessment 5 If alternative profile is acceptable it is sent to ATC for clearance 6 AIRE – Oceanic Demonstration Concept Optimization Sequence CDG Coordination and Clearance Sequence MIA Sequences repeat at frequent interval (e.g. every 30 minutes)

28. FY 2008 FY 2009 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr Collaborative ATM / Oceanic Trajectory Management-4D Engineering Development 4D In-Flight Evaluation Modeling and Simulation SWIM Data Exchange Core Services Atlantic ConOps Analysis Proof-of-Concept Demo Refine Conops Atlantic Enroute Opt Demo Data Analyses & Benefits Validation Eval Trial for Impl Strategy Engr Dev, Control Logic Data Dev, Preferred Profile SW & HW Requirements Refine Conops Benefits Assessment Concept Development, Simulation, Data Collection and Analysis Network Integration SWIM Publish & Subscribe AIRE – Oceanic Schedule (Draft) (Draft)

29. AIRE – Oceanic Project Risks Risk Inventory and Assessment

30. Government Eastern Service Area NASA Ames NY Center WJHTC Industry Boeing CSSI MITRE CAASD AIRE Oceanic: Potential Partners Airports • Miami (MIA) Airlines • American • UPS

31. AIRE Oceanic Summary • The AIRE – Oceanic demo is a proof of concept demonstration within the overall Oceanic Trajectory Based Operations development program of Oceanic Trajectory Management 4D (OTM-4D): In-Flight • The AIRE demonstration is intended to exercise oceanic OTM-4D concepts in a limited operational trial, to evaluate fuel savings and emissions reduction potential on participating trans-Atlantic flights • Automated optimization processes and coordination sequences from the OTM-4D: In-Flight concept will be conducted manually during the AIRE Oceanic Demonstration

32. Continuous Descent Arrivals (CDAs) Lead: Jim Arrighi

33. Continuous Descent Arrival (CDA) –What Are They? Key Features: • RNAV STAR • Fixed lateral path • Optimized Vertical Profile • Minimize level segments • Idle descent • Uses existing Descend Via phraseology • Benefits • Uses FMS capabilities to manage energy • Reduces pilot/controller communications • Fuel savings • Reduced noise • Reduced emissions • Inter-aircraft separations priority • Evaluate metering scheme • Limit controller intervention below initiation altitude

34. River One Arrival at LAX

35. AIRE - CDA Schedule FY 2008 FY 2009 (Draft) 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr CDA Development ATL CDA MIA CDA CDA Baseline CDA Post Analysis Safety Analysis Environmental Analysis Possible Published Procedure Demo Modeling and Simulation Evaluate Criteria and OpSpecs Modeling and Simulation Demo Possible Published Procedure

36. AIRE - CDA Project Risks Risk Inventory and Assessment

37. Arrival Domain Project Lead: Marc Buntin, Ph.D.

38. “Green” Arrival Integrated Demo Miami AIRE “Green” Arrival Demonstrations CDA / Optimum Descent Profile Tailored Arrival Continued Work Continued Work Apr 08 May 08 San Francisco Atlanta Sept 08

39. Tailored Arrivals – What are they? • Tailored arrival — Key features: • Continuous descent from cruise altitude to touchdown • Tailored for traffic, environment, airspace • Controller-to-aircraft communication by data link* • Definition of flight path in both time and space (4D Flight Path) • Flight path coordinated through multiple air traffic domains, centers, sectors • Benefits: • Noise significantly decreased (near idle descent) • Emissions reduction anticipated • Flight duration reduced by several minutes • 100 to 400 kg less fuel per flight • Dramatically reduced VHF voice communication • Overall efficiency improved • Important step toward modernization of ATM End State Description: “Dynamic STAR” * If ATC does not have required data link functionality, tailored arrivals can still be achieved by using pre-negotiated set of standard arrival processes pre-stored in FMS.

40. Tailored Arrivals – How they workSimplified Data Flow FANS (or other integrated data link) TA trajectory flown with FMS 5 4 TA trajectory received and loaded into FMS on pilot concurrence Aircraft downlinks ETA information (at waypoints) along with other useful parameters for ATC trajectory confirmation and tuning 6 Ground automation, e.g. ATOP, ERAM, TAATS 3 CPDLC TA clearance delivered to aircraft over data link TA procedure broken off if trajectory cannot be continued for any reason 7 E.g., EDA, TAATS 1 TA clearance coordinated across ATC domains /systems 2 The key hurdles (SFO risk mitigation activities) Ground automation generates TA trajectory clearance

41. FY 2010 FY 2009 FY 2007 FY 2008 st nd rd th st nd rd th st nd rd th 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 Qtr st nd rd th 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 Qtr Low - Congestion Trials (NASA/Boeing) Tailored Arrival Timeline (Draft) FY 2010 FY 2010 FY 2009 FY 2009 FY 2007 FY 2007 FY 2008 FY 2008 st st nd nd rd rd th th st st nd nd rd rd th th st st nd nd rd rd th th 1 1 Qtr Qtr 2 2 Qtr Qtr 3 3 Qtr Qtr 4 4 Qtr Qtr st st nd nd rd rd th th 1 1 Qtr Qtr 2 2 Qtr Qtr 3 3 Qtr Qtr 4 4 Qtr Qtr 1 1 Qtr Qtr 2 2 Qtr Qtr 3 3 Qtr Qtr 4 4 Qtr Qtr 1 1 Qtr Qtr 2 2 Qtr Qtr 3 3 Qtr Qtr 4 4 Qtr Qtr Tailored Arrivals Tailored Arrivals Scope/ Scope/ Obj Obj Global Harmonization / Global Harmonization / Initial Trial Initial Trial Project Management Project Management Interoperability mtgs Interoperability mtgs Conops for Conops for Arrivals Arrivals Initial Trial Initial Trial Symposium? Symposium? Initial Initial Req Req Initial planning Initial planning Integ Integ ATOP/ERAM ATOP/ERAM for for add’l add’l EDA functionality EDA functionality Update Update Domestic Domestic SItes SItes Cost/Benefits Cost/Benefits Standards for Standards for Integ Integ Safety Plan Safety Plan Implementation Implementation Initiate CRD Initiate CRD Process Process AIRE Trial (MIA?) AIRE Trial (MIA?) Trial Site Trial Site Introduce Refined Introduce Refined Selection Selection EDA/TMA Automation EDA/TMA Automation Req Req Flight Flight Profile Dev Profile Dev Design & Planning Design & Planning Flight Flight Profile Val Profile Val Sys Sys Req Req Definition Definition Dev/Simulation Dev/Simulation Partial Sim Partial Sim Proc Dev Proc Dev Integ Integ Sim Sim Proc Val Proc Val Val Flight Test Val Flight Test Initial Flight Trials Initial Flight Trials Implementation Implementation FAA Aircraft FAA Aircraft SFO Activities SFO Activities Approval for Approval for Formal Procedures Formal Procedures Flight Deck Proc Flight Deck Proc “Descend Via” “Descend Via” Low Low - - Congestion In Congestion In - - Service Flights Service Flights Approval for Approval for w/ “Descend Via” w/ “Descend Via” Oceanic, Enroute, Term Oceanic, Enroute, Term Low Low - - Congestion In Congestion In - - Service Flights Service Flights Refine & Adapt Multi Refine & Adapt Multi - - facility facility Participation Participation w/ early EDA/TMA functionality w/ early EDA/TMA functionality Coord Coord Req Req for 4D for 4D Med Med - - High Congestion R&D High Congestion R&D Med Med - - Congestion Trials Congestion Trials Low Low - - Congestion Trials Congestion Trials (NASA/Boeing) (NASA/Boeing) w/ expanded options/participants w/ expanded options/participants (NASA/Boeing) (NASA/Boeing)

42. AIRE Arrivals Summary • Incorporate SFO trial lessons learned • Vertical profile optimization for CDAs in ATL • Initial implementation of Tailored Arrival capability at MIA • Plan the move from low density operations to higher density operations • Complete procedures and technical requirements for multi-facility coordination • Complete initial benefits analysis • Complete draft roadmap for the implementation of domestic and international arrival management • Human-in-the-Loop simulations (higher density operations)

43. Government ATL Center ATL TRACON Industry Boeing Georgia Tech MITRE CAASD AIRE Arrivals: ATL Potential Partners Airports • ATL Airlines • Delta

44. Government Oakland Center Northern CA TRACON NASA Ames Industry Boeing AIRE Arrivals: SFO Potential Partners Airports • SFO Airlines • United

45. Government NASA Ames MIA Center MIA TRACON NY Center Industry Boeing MITRE AIRE Arrivals: MIA Potential Partners Airports • MIA Airlines • American

46. Discussion…