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Yalta and Potsdam:

Yalta and Potsdam: . L/O: To consider how and why the agreements at Yalta and Potsdam where different and to understand their significance for post war relations

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Yalta and Potsdam:

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  1. Yalta and Potsdam: • L/O: To consider how and why the agreements at Yalta and Potsdam where different and to understand their significance for post war relations • Starter: What does this source suggest about relationships between the Allied powers in 1945? Why might this not be a true reflection? Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  2. BALTIC STATE – Eastern Europe, countries including Poland, Finland , Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria. IRON CURTAIN – This was the name given to Stalin’s control over Eastern European countries. All had communist governments which owed their loyalty to Stalin. The iron curtain described the border between soviet controlled countries and the West. NEW WORDS Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  3. Background • During the War, Britain and the USA were allies of the Soviet Union but the only thing that united them was their hatred of Germany. • In 1945, the Big Three held two conferences – at Yalta (February) and Potsdam (July) – to try to sort out how they would organise the world after the war. It was at these conferences that the tensions between the two sides became obvious. Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  4. At Yalta and Potsdam, the Allies met to decide the post-war peace. Task one – how could the events listed lead to increasing tension Stalin invited Polish communist leaders to meet him and then arrested them. USA had successfully tested an atomic bomb. Truman told Stalin. America had a new president, TRUMAN, who was determined to get tough with the Russians. Stalin’s troops had liberated many countries in Eastern Europe, but instead of withdrawing the troops – he left them there. Stalin’s troops controlled the Baltic State.

  5. YALTA – Feb 1945

  6. YALTA – Feb 1945 • Feb 1945 – obvious Germany was losing the war in Europe so the allies met • Yalta = Ukraine • Met to decide what should happen after Germanys defeat • Despite differences the conference went well Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  7. Yalta Agreements • Stalin agreed to enter the war against the Japan once Germany had surrendered. • Germany to be divided into 4 zones – British, French, American & Soviet (Berlin there though also divided into 4). • They would hunt and punish war criminals Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  8. Yalta Agreements • Stalin could have some influence over Eastern Europe – but their would be free elections to choose Govt • Germany should pay reparations • All would join the United Nations (aim for peace) Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  9. PROBLEMS • Relations between Churchill & Stalin were frosty • The greatest source of conflict was over Poland • The Soviets had established a communist friendly Govt there • The allies didn’t want that Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  10. Yalta • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybnzMnFEWJY&feature=related

  11. Spot the difference: Potsdam • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_QgY8vL5qM Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  12. POTSDAM – July to August 1945 • Potsdam = Berlin suburb – many changes since Yalta. • Stalin’s armies occupied most of Eastern Europe (Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czech, Poland, Finland) • America had a new President – Roosevelt had died – Truman was more anti communist • The allies had tested the atomic bomb Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  13. What did they disagree on? • In July there was an election in Britain, Churchill was defeated, half way through the conference he was replaced by Clement Attlee. This made suspicion and rivalry between Truman and Stalin dominate discussions. • GERMANY – Stalin wanted to cripple Germany completely to protect the USSR against future threats. Truman did not want to repeat the mistake of the treaty of Versailles. • REPARATIONS – 20 million Russians had died in the war and Soviet Union was devastated. Stalin wanted compensation from Germany. Again, Truman did not want to make the same mistakes as WW1. • EASTERN EUROPE – At Yalta, Stalin had won agreement to set up pro-Soviet governments in eastern Europe. Truman disliked Stalin’s attitude and adopted a ‘get tough’ attitude towards Stalin. Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  14. Task Two • Use the information for the presentation and the work sheet to complete a summary of the events at Yalta and Potsdam and the impact on post war relations between the victorious powers Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

  15. Exam Question • What were the main differences between the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences. Explain your answer. (4 marks) • Sentence starters • At Yalta the Allied powers agreed ………… • However at Potsdam they disagreed ………… • This was because……………………………. Grade C: will describe the events at Yalta and Potsdam Grade B: will explain the differences in the outcomes of the two conferences Grade A: will evaluate the impact of the conferences on post war relationships

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