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MINERALS

What is a Mineral?5 Characteristics:Occurs naturally (eg. Cement, steel)Inorganic (does not come from materials that were once part of a living thing, eg. coal.)Solid Crystal structure (particles line up in a pattern)Definite Chemical Composition (eg. Most minerals are a compound, which means they are made of more than 2 elements.).

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MINERALS

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    1. MINERALS

    2. What is a Mineral? 5 Characteristics: Occurs naturally (eg. Cement, steel) Inorganic (does not come from materials that were once part of a living thing, eg. coal.) Solid Crystal structure (particles line up in a pattern) Definite Chemical Composition (eg. Most minerals are a compound, which means they are made of more than 2 elements.)

    3. Identifying Minerals Properties of identifying minerals Hardness Color Streak Luster Density Crystal Systems Cleavage Fracture Special Properties Properties of Minerals Video

    4. Identifying Minerals Hardness Mohs Hardness Scale is used to determine hardness. Color Color can be used to identify only a few minerals. Many minerals, like quartz, come in a variety of colors.

    5. Identifying Minerals Streak The streak of a mineral is the color of its powder. Color of a mineral may vary but the streak does not. Luster Luster is the term used to describe how a mineral reflects light from its surface. Words used to describe: metallic, non-metallic, glassy, shiny, dull, waxy, pearly, earthy.

    6. Identifying Minerals Density Density is the mass per unit volume. A mineral that is very dense will feel heavy for its size. To find density use the formula, D=m/v Special Properties Some special properties minerals could have are: fluorescence, magnetic, radioactive, or electrical.

    7. Identifying Minerals Cleavage Cleavage is how easily a mineral splits along its flat surfaces. Fracture Fracture is how a mineral looks when it breaks in an irregular way.

    8. Identifying Minerals Crystal systems are classified into 6 groups based on the number and angle of the crystal faces. Common examples include: Cubic (Galena) and Hexagonal (Magnesium)

    9. Examples of Crystal Structures

    10. Examples of Mineral Properties

    11. Examples of Mineral Families

    12. How do Minerals Form?

    13. How do Minerals Form?

    14. Where in the World?

    15. Uses of Minerals Minerals are a source of: Metals Gemstones Other materials

    16. Metals Some minerals are the sources of metals like aluminum, iron, copper or silver. Metals are useful because they can be stretched into wire, flattened into sheets, and hammered or molded without breaking.

    17. Gemstones… hard, colorful minerals that has a brilliant or glassy luster. Find your birthstone below!!

    18. Other Materials People use minerals in food, medicines, fertilizers, and building materials. Talc used to be ground into talcum powder. Fluorite is used to make steel and aluminum. Quartz is used to make glass and electronic equipment. Gypsum is used to make wallboard, cement and stucco.

    19. Mineral Resources Ore A rock that contains a metal or economically useful mineral. Prospecting A prospector is anyone who searches, or prospects, for an ore deposit.

    20. Resources Continued…. Types of Mines Strip mines —earthmoving equipment scrapes away soil to expose ore. Open pit mines —giant earthmoving equipment digs a tremendous pit. Shaft mines —tunnels extend deep into the ground for miners to dig ore deposits from veins.

    21. Resources Continued…. Alloy A solid mixture of two or more metals. Steel is an alloy. Smelting The process by which ore is melted to separate the useful metal from other elements. Refer to page 139 in your book for an example

    22. Reflection If you could create one new mineral in the world, what would you name it and what would it be used for?

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