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Two forms of Respiration 1. Aerobic Respiration- Requires Oxygen gas

KEY CONCEPT R espiration is the metabolic process which uses energy stored in food to make ATP molecules which provide usable energy to the cells. Two forms of Respiration 1. Aerobic Respiration- Requires Oxygen gas 2. Anaerobic Respiration– No Oxygen gas. Two Forms of Respiration.

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Two forms of Respiration 1. Aerobic Respiration- Requires Oxygen gas

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Respiration is the metabolic process which uses energy stored in food to make ATP molecules which provide usable energy to the cells

  2. Two forms of Respiration 1. Aerobic Respiration-Requires Oxygen gas 2. Anaerobic Respiration– No Oxygen gas

  3. Two Forms of Respiration Anaerobic Aerobic Require Oxygen Begins with Glycolysis Consists of Reactions: - Glycolysis - Kreb’s Cycle -Electron Transport Chain Produces 38 ATP Rxns occur in Cytoplasm and Mitochondria • Do Not Require Oxygen • Begins with Glycolysis • Consists of Reactions: - Glycolysis - Fermentation • Produces 2 ATP • Rxns occur in Cytoplasm

  4. Glycolysis is the first step in both types of respiration • Does Not Require Oxygen • Occurs in cytoplasm • Means “sugar splitting” • Glucose is “split” into two pyruvic acid molecules (Hi E) • Requires the energy from 2 ATP molecules • Net product 2 ATP molecules (makes 4 but requires 2)

  5. Aerobic Respiration (a.k.a. Cellular Respiration) Chemical Equation of Aerobic Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 +6H2O + Energy • Reactants Products • ___________________ _____________ • ___________________ _____________

  6. Cellular respiration occurs in the _Mitochondria .

  7. 1 ATP mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) and 6CO 2 energy 2 3 energy from glycolysis ATP inner membrane and and 6H O 6O 2 2 4 Kreb’s Cycle • Pyruvic acids molecules made in glycolysis move into the Mitochondrial matrix and become reactants in the Kreb’s Cycle • E stored in pyruvic acid is released to form 2 High Energy molecules: ATP and NADH • Carbon atoms from the breakdown of pyruvic acid form CO2 - a waste product

  8. 1 ATP mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) and 6CO 2 energy 2 Electron Transport 3 energy from glycolysis ATP inner membrane and and 6H O 6O 2 2 4 Electron Transport Chain 1.) A series of protein molecules embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane along which “excited” electrons released in glycolysis and Krebs Cycle move along releasing energy used make a large number of ATP molecules Oxygen which is highly electronegative and attracts the electrons serves as the “final electron acceptor” • H2O released as byproduct • 36 more ATP made

  9. Anaerobic Respiration • Occurs in the cytoplasm • Breakdown of food molecules without oxygen • Begins with glycolysis (just like in aerobic respiration) • Glycolysis makes 2 ATP • The only way glycolysis can keep working is to replace the molecule NAD+ that is the electron acceptor/transporter

  10. Fermentation • Occurs when Oxygen is not available – anaerobic process • Occurs in mitochondria • Resupplies the NAD+ so glycolysis can keep happening and ATP can be made • NO ATP Made

  11. Two Types of Fermentation • There are two chemical pathways of fermentation • They are named for the final product made • Alcoholic fermentationLactic Acid fermentation Yeast – Bread, Wine Muscles - “The Burn” Bacteria - Yogurt

  12. Fermentation is used in food production. • Yogurt • Cheese • Bread • Wine

  13. Different organisms produce different fermentation products

  14. The equation for the overall process is: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O • The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

  15. Compare and Contrast the 2 Energy Transformation Processes • Photosynthesis 6CO2 + 6H2O--------->C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---------> 6CO2 + 6H2O

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