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Foreign and Defense Policy

Foreign and Defense Policy. In the years before the US became a world power…. The US often followed a policy of isolationism Rarely absolute; US was always a trading nation Another consistent hallmark of US policy was unilateralism (acting without consulting others)

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Foreign and Defense Policy

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  1. Foreign and Defense Policy

  2. In the years before the US became a world power… • The US often followed a policy of isolationism • Rarely absolute; US was always a trading nation • Another consistent hallmark of US policy was unilateralism (acting without consulting others) • Moralism has also been central to US self-image (most Americans believe that the US has higher moral standards than other countries) • As a a nation, we are also proud of our pragmatism (our ability to find ways to take advantage of a situation)

  3. In the years before the US became a world power… • In the Constitution: Authority is divided between President and Congress…why?

  4. In the years before the US became a world power… • US was hesitant about engaging with other countries • Trading conflicts (France, Barbary Wars, British policy of impressment) led to Embargo Act • War of 1812 • Monroe Doctrine

  5. The US as an Emerging Power • Concept of Manifest Destiny • Opened trade with Japan and China • US acquisition of Pacific islands (Hawaii, Midway Island, Wake Island, and part of Samoa) • Roosevelt Corollary • WWI and the League of Nations • The interwar years

  6. The US as a World Power • WWII • Aftermath of WWII • United Nations • Bretton Woods Agreement • International Monetary Fund (IMF)

  7. Cold War and Containment • Truman Doctrine • Marshall Plan • NATO • Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) • Containment and Cuba • Containment and Vietnam • Détente • Human Rights • Reagan Doctrine

  8. Searching for New International Order (1989 – 2001) • Collapse of the “Iron Curtain” • Powell Doctrine • Clinton’s Presidency • NAFTA and the WTO

  9. War on Terrorism: 2001 - Present • Attacks on 9/11 had a profound impact on US foreign policy • Operation Enduring Freedom (against al-Qaeda and Taliban) • Bush Doctrine • War in Iraq • WMDs

  10. Foreign and Defense Policy Decision Making • The Executive Branch • President • Department of State • Department of Defense • Joint Chiefs of Staff • National Security Agency (NSA) • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) • National Security Council (NSC) • Department of Homeland Security • 9/11 Commission

  11. Foreign and Defense Policy Decision Making • Congress • Congressional Leadership • Congressional Oversight • Treaties and Executive Agreements • Appointments • Appropriations • War Powers Act

  12. Foreign and Defense Policy Decision Making • The Military-Industrial Complex • The News Media • The Public

  13. 21st Century Challenges • Promoting Democracy in the Middle East • Transnational Threats to Peace

  14. Unilateralism v. Multilateralism?

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