What is happening in this photograph? Why is it happening?

1. What is happening in this photograph? Why is it happening? Being arrested 1914

2. How Did Women Try To Win The Vote?

3. By the end of today's lesson you will: • Know who the two main groups were that campaigned for female suffrage • Understand the differences between the two groups • Analyse the effectiveness of the two groups

4. Listen to the following radio broadcast by a Suffragette Mary Richardson What did she do and how did people react to her? Listen to up to 4 mins 15 seconds in http://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/suffragettes/8321.shtml

5. Which Tactics Do You Think Would Be The Most Effective? Why?

6. How did women try to win the vote? Who were the Suffragists? The suffragists were a group of people who campaigned to win the vote for women. They did not demand the vote for all women, but wanted to get the vote on the same terms as men (at the time only men who owned their own house were able to vote). The suffragists were mainly middle-class women, but some men were also involved. One such man was John Stuart Mill, MP for Westminster, who first raised the issue of women’s suffrage in Parliament. In 1897, the NUWSS (National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies) was formed. This united all of the existing local campaign groups in one single, national organisation. By 1902, more working-class women were also joining the movement. Mrs Millicent Fawcett was president of the NUWSS. She believed in constitutional (peaceful, moderate, and law-abiding) tactics. By 1914 the NUWSS had over 53,000 members. Many Liberal MPs supported the movement, as did some members of the Conservative and Labour parties, however, the press reported little of their activities. Who were the Suffragettes? In 1903, a group of suffragists, frustrated by the lack of progress made by the NUWSS, broke away and formed their own organisation. This group was called the WSPU (Women’s Social and Political Union), and was led by Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters, Cristabel and Sylvia. The WSPU campaigned for the vote for all women, and also wanted better working and living conditions. Members of the WSPU were determined to use direct and, if necessary, violent and illegal actions, to achieve their aims. Their motto was “DEEDS NOT WORDS”. Many suffragettes wore items or sashes containing the colours purple (symbolising dignity), white (symbolising purity), and green (symbolising hope), to show their support for the movement.

7. How did women try to win the vote? Distributed Leaflets Held public demonstrations Organised Processions Chained themselves to railings Millicent Fawcett - NUWSS (National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies) EmmelinePankhurst - WSPU (Women’s Social and Political Union) Broke windows Produced posters Disrupted public meetings Wrote Letters to politicians and newspapers Fought police when arrested Damaged golf courses Heckled politicians Went on hunger strike when arrested Invited politicians to attend debates Helped election candidates who supported their cause Signed Petitions • Use three colours to highlight the above tactics as follows: • Those used by the Suffragettes • Those used by the Suffragists • Those used by both

8. What is happening in this photograph? Why is it happening?