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Jefferson’s Presidency

Jefferson’s Presidency. Chapter 2, Section 3. Republican Revolution. When Jefferson entered the White House, it was touted as a ‘republican revolution’ because of the changes he brought. Jefferson practiced D-R ideals Wanted to overturn Alien and Sedition Acts Disliked taxes

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Jefferson’s Presidency

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  1. Jefferson’s Presidency Chapter 2, Section 3

  2. Republican Revolution • When Jefferson entered the White House, it was touted as a ‘republican revolution’ because of the changes he brought. • Jefferson practiced D-R ideals • Wanted to overturn Alien and Sedition Acts • Disliked taxes • Lower national debt • Cuts to army and navy • Streamline government agencies

  3. John Marshall • Federalist (think about his ideals!); • Former Secretary of State under John Adams; • Became Chief Justice of Supreme Court in 1801; • 35 years served heard over 1,000 cases

  4. Marshall’s Legacies • JUDICIAL REVIEW!!!!!!!!!!! • Power of Supreme Court to determine whether laws are constitutional or not. • Federal laws superior to state laws • Broad interpretation of the Constitution • Sanctity of contracts less gov interference in business

  5. Marbury v. Madison (1803) • William Marbury last-minute appointment of John Adams (“midnight judges”); • James Madison (Jefferson’s Secretary of State) refused to deliver his papers; • Marbury argued that under Judiciary Act of 1789, S.C. could order Madison to deliver his papers.

  6. Marbury v. Madison (1803) cont’d • Marshall declared that J.A. of 1789 was unconstitutional, so the Supreme Court could not order Madison to deliver the papers. • Why is this significant???

  7. Expansion Westward • Jefferson believed national economy should be based on farming need more land!!! • Wanted to acquire Louisiana Territory from Spain • Spain had already given control to France, a much stronger nation.

  8. Louisiana Purchase • Jefferson was able to purchase the land from the French because the French had given up on colonizing N.America • Paid $15 million (~3 cents per acre) • Increased the size of the U.S. by 2/3

  9. Foreign Problems • Barbary States • American ships were threatened by Barbary pirates of N. Africa; • Previous presidents had paid for safe passage; • When fee was raised, Jefferson refused to pay it and sent the navy to take on the Barbary states (Morocco, Tunis, Algiers and Tripoli) • Blockaded Tripoli and were victorious!

  10. Foreign Problems (cont’d) • Need to expand markets overseas • Help French get around British blockade by disguising French goods as American goods • Known as re-exporting • Helps French economy; U.S. becomes Britain’s market rival British are ANGRY!!! • British capture of American sailors • Known as impressment

  11. Foreign Problems • In response to British impressment, Jefferson decided to place an embargo on Britain. • Embargo= stoppage of trade • Jefferson thought this would cripple British industry, but it backfired… • U.S. had no one to trade with and Great Britain started trade with South America.

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