Ozone and Fine Particle Standards in Indiana: Implementation Update

1. Ozone and Fine Particle Standards in Indiana: Implementation Update Presented to: Air and Waste Management Association Indiana Chapter Scott Deloney Office of Air Quality March 16, 2005

2. U.S. EPA’s Final Ozone Nonattainment Designations for Indiana April 15, 2004

4. Monitor Design Values by County

6. Assessment of Critical Values

7. Redesignations for Ozone • Delaware, Greene, Jackson, Vanderburgh, Vigo, and Warrick counties eligible for redesignation to attainment/maintenance. • Draft redesignation petitions and maintenance plans are complete for all areas. • Public hearings are being scheduled for April-May 2005. • All final submittals to be made from late April-June. • U.S. EPA approvals should be issued this year.

8. Likely Implementation Milestones for Ozone U.S. EPA expected to issue Phase II of the Final Implementation Rule for Ozone this summer.

9. Overview: New Fine Particle Standard • July 1997, U.S. EPA issued new health standards for fine particles (PM 2.5): • 15 ug/m3 - annual standard • 65 ug/m3 - daily standard • A legal challenge was filed and the standard was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court on February 27, 2001. • U.S. EPA issued final designations for attainment and nonattainment areas under the new standard on December 17, 2004. • Published in the Federal Register on January 5, 2005 • Effective date is April 5, 2005

10. Fine Particles Reduce Visibility Indianapolis on a Clear Day Summer of 2003 Indianapolis on a Hazy Day Winter of 2005 Photo: Midwest HazeCam

11. PM2.5 Monitor Values • PM 2.5 standard : • 15.0 µg/m3 Annual • 65.0 µg/m3 Daily • No Indiana counties exceed daily standard. • 6 Indiana counties exceed annual standard as of the end of 2003 • 3 Indiana counties exceed the annual standard as of the end of 2004 Value above the Annual Standard

12. Statewide PM2.5 Averaged Monitor Trend

13. U.S. EPA Final Designations for Fine Particles December 17, 2004

14. Criteria U.S. EPA Used to Designate Areas: • Monitoring data • Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Boundaries • Emissions trends • Emissions contributing from neighboring jurisdictions • Traffic and employment patterns • Population growth • Commercial, residential, and industrial growth • Meteorology

15. Potential Reclassifications for PM 2.5 • U.S. EPA provided states an opportunity to submit 2004 PM 2.5 monitoring data prior to the April 5, 2005 effective date for designations. • U.S EPA indicated that it will consider reclassification of areas that are in compliance with the standard based on 2004 data, prior to effective date. February 17, 2005 IDEM submittal to USEPA: • 2004 monitoring data and trends analysis • Only counties with a violating monitor should be designated nonattainment • Elkhart, Lake, Porter, St. Joseph and Vanderburgh counties monitor attainment through 2004. • Separation of 6-county SW IN nonattainment area into two areas (urban and rural). March 7, 2005 Indiana Challenges USEPA Designations: • Only counties with a violating monitor should be designated nonattainment

16. Estimated Source Contribution to Fine Particle Levels* Cars, trucks, forest fires, waste burning and biogenics Dust from roads and construction Cars, trucks, and power generation Power generation Fertilizers and animal feed operations *Source: U.S. EPA 2002 National Averages

17. Likely Implementation Milestones for Fine Particles • U.S. EPA to publish draft implementation rule in December 2005, and final rule in December 2006.

18. What Measures Will Improve Air Quality? • Federal Measures in Place to be Implemented Prior to 2007 • NOx SIP Call (Indiana’s NOx Reduction Rule) • Tier II motor vehicle engine standards • Low Sulfur Gasoline Standards • Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Standards • Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Standards • Non-road Diesel Engine and Low Sulfur Fuel Rule • Clean Air Interstate Rule-Signed on March 10, 2005 • Federal Measures Currently Under Consideration • Multi-pollutant legislation (Clear Skies)

19. Areas That Require Additional Planning • Based on photochemical modeling to date, it appears that additional emission reductions may be required in order for Northwest and Central Indiana to attain the new standards. • Air Quality advisory groups established and active in reviewing control options and devising a recommended control strategy. • Central Indiana http://www.in.gov/idem/air/ciaqag/index.html • Northwest Indiana (Lake and Porter Counties) http://www.in.gov/idem/air/nirpc/index.html

20. IDEM also provides daily information about the air quality in seven regions of the state. Like the AQI, the SmogWatch site will give you information that you can use to protect your health from ozone or fine particles. • Visit SmogWatch website at: • http://www.in.gov/idem/air/smog • SmogWatch Forecast Phone Number: 1-800-631-2871

21. Other Key Websites IDEM Website: www.in.gov/idem/air U.S. EPA 8 Hour Ozone Guidance: www.epa.gov/ttn/naaqs/ozone/o3imp8hr/ U.S. EPA Particulate Matter Guidance: www.epa.gov/pmdesignations/ IDEM New Source Review Questions: www.in.gov/idem/air/8hrstandard/nsrfacts.html www.in.gov/idem/air/8hrstandard/july04nsrfacts.html IDEM Emission Credit Registry: www.emissioncredit.in.gov

22. How Do I Find Out More?

23. Central Indiana Air Quality Advisory Group • Facilitated by Center for Urban Policy and the Environment (IUPUI) • Participants include: • Local government (cities, counties, towns, etc.) • Regional government (MPO) • State government • Business and industry • Environmental interest groups • Concerned citizens

24. Central Indiana Air Quality Advisory Group • Reviewing control options-regional and local • Focus has first been on local reductions (VOC) • Local VOC options have been prioritized • Once photochemical modeling is complete, regional controls will be reviewed and considered (NOx, VOC, SO2, PM 2.5) • Control strategy (combination of local and/or regional controls) to be recommended in Fall 2005

27. Prioritization-Steps 1&2

28. Results of Prioritization Exercise for Local VOC Reduction Strategies