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Introduction, Satellite Imaging

Platforms Used to Acquire Remote Sensing Data. AircraftLow, medium

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Introduction, Satellite Imaging

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    2. Platforms Used to Acquire Remote Sensing Data Aircraft Low, medium & high altitude Higher level of spatial detail Satellite Polar-orbiting, sun-synchronous 800-900 km altitude, 90-100 minutes/orbit Geo-synchronous 35,900 km altitude, 24 hrs/orbit stationary relative to Earth

    6. Satellite Systems Landsat 1, 2 and 3 Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS-1), later renamed Landsat-1, launched in 1972 as an experimental system to test the feasibility of collecting earth resources data from satellites Data made publicly available world-wide: Open Skies Policy Carried a multispectral scanner (MSS), imaged a 185 km swath in 4 wavebands, 2 in visible, 2 in near-infrared, spatial resolution of 80 m, sun-synchronous orbit, repeat cycle of 18 days Each scene contains 7.5 million pixels & 30 million data values

    7. Satellite Systems Landsat 4 & 5 Landsat 4 deactivated shortly after launch, but remains in orbit Landsat 5 carries a multispectral scanner (MSS) & a Thematic Mapper (TM), imaged a 185 km swath 7 wavebands from the visible blue to the thermal infrared, spatial resolution of 30 m except the thermal band (120 m), sun-synchronous orbit, repeat cycle of 16 days each scene contains about 36 million pixels & 250 million data values

    10. Landsat 5 - 7 wavebands

    11. Image display

    13. Satellite Systems SPOT French satellite launched in 1986 Repeat cycle of 26 days Swath width of 117 km Sun-synchronous orbit, carries 2 pointable scanners Panchromatic mode with spatial resolution of 10 m and multispectral mode with spatial resolution of 20 m & images in 3 wavebands Potential to view a location from adjacent satellite paths = stereoscopic imaging (useful for topographic mapping)?

    14. SPOT’s Steerable Mirror

    15. Uses of Landsat & SPOT Data Geology - used for mapping in mineral and petroleum exploration Agriculture - used to estimate crop quantities, monitor condition of crops Forestry - to estimate forest losses caused by fires, clear cutting & disease; to provide forest inventory data; used for comparative forest land valuation

    16. Uses of Landsat & SPOT Data Land use planning - mapping current land cover, change detection, route location planning High resolution satellite imagery is being used as a substitute for high-altitude aerial photography

    17. Uses of Landsat & SPOT Data For monitoring rangeland condition, wildlife habitat, identify water pollution, identify flooded areas, to aid in the assessment of damage caused by natural disasters

    18. Ocean Monitoring Satellites Oceans are important natural resource - difficult to map & monitor over large areas or for long time periods Satellites provide complete coverage at regular intervals Landsat & SPOT data used extensively to monitor sediment and chlorophyll concentrations, phytoplankton and pollution in marine and fresh-water environments; also to map water depths

    19. Meteorological Satellites Provides more often coverage but at lower resolution (also means less expensive than Landsat & SPOT) Designed primarily to collect weather data, but often used for natural resource monitoring over large areas NOAA Satellites Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)?

    20. AVHRR Spatial resolution of 1.1 km Swath width of 2400 km Provides daily global coverage Used to monitor snow cover, assess snow depths, monitor floods, detect & map forest fires, monitor crop conditions, monitor dust and sand storms, identify geologic activities like volcanic eruptions, for mapping regional drainage networks, physiography & geology

    22. 12 Steps of Digital Image Processing

    23. 12 Steps of Digital Image Processing (Cont.)?

    24. Important URL's

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