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N.S. 100 Lecture 4a– Cell Part 1

N.S. 100 Lecture 4a– Cell Part 1 There are two versions of this file on my web site. It is a large file and it may be more convenient for you to view the pdf version of this file online. CELLS ~ smallest unit of life ~ highly organized. Adult human stem cell. Protozoan cell. Algae cell.

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N.S. 100 Lecture 4a– Cell Part 1

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  1. N.S. 100 Lecture 4a– Cell Part 1 There are two versions of this file on my web site. It is a large file and it may be more convenient for you to view the pdf version of this file online.

  2. CELLS ~ smallest unit of life ~ highly organized Adult human stem cell

  3. Protozoan cell Algae cell Cells come in all shapes and sizes http://www.petitmusee.org/images/ameba_jpg.jpg Algae cell Protozoan cell

  4. Nerve cell Blood cells …….more cell shapes and sizes Bacteria cells Fungus infected skin cells

  5. ~ All cells are chemical factories ~

  6. Cancer cells = abnormal cell products make them look and behave abnormally http://images.pennnet.com/gallery/cgw/0600_cancer_cells.jpg

  7. Two basic types of cells: Proc(k)aryotic Cells Lack internal membranes or compartments Bacteria and blue green bacteria Euc(k)aryotic Cells Contain organelles (internal membranes & membrane bound compartments) Animals, Plants, Fungi, and Protista

  8. Rods spheres Three prokaryotic cell shapes Spirals

  9. ~Bacteria~ example of prokaryotic

  10. Eucaryotic cells found in: plants, fungi, protista, and animals

  11. Eucaryotic cells contain organelles = internal membrane structures http://www.escellinternational.com/images/content%20images/cell1.jpg “Oily” membranes surround cells and organelles http://www.oup.co.uk/images/oxed/children/yoes/nature/animalcell.jpg http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/01541a.jpg

  12. Organelles are like oil drops (liposomes, lipo = fat, some = body) and they do not dissolve in water Oil Drop Water Oil Water

  13. Organelles = oil drops with enzymes inside

  14. Human cheek cells magnified 400 times Nucleus (organelle)

  15. Nucleus Eukaryotic cells DNA called chromatin = blueprint for proteins surrounded by nuclear envelope (membrane) Nuclear pores Nucleolus

  16. Nuclear membrane with pores DNA Nucleolus

  17. DNA or Chromatin - appears as dots, but it is really a threadlike material DNA

  18. Each human cell has 9 feet of chromatin Chromatin Human brain 100 billion cells 900 billion feet of DNA

  19. Nuclear membrane or envelope Nuclear membrane with protein lined pores Biology by Mader, 2001

  20. Nucleolus - makes ribosomes Nucleolus Nuclear pore Nuclear membrane chromatin

  21. Cytosol = cytoplasm minus organelles = fluid Cytoplasm all living material in cell minus the nucleus Nucleus organelle organelle organelle organelle Plasma membrane

  22. Endomembrane system Cell product Nucleus Endomembrane System ~series of connected membranes ~manufacture & delivery of products

  23. Endomembrane System: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) ~ ribosomes ~ ribosomes make proteins Smooth ER ~ enzymes detoxify carcinogens, pesticides ~ lipid synthesis Golgi Complex ~ tags proteins for delivery options

  24. 3 parts of the Endomembrane system Biology by Solomon, 2002

  25. Rough Endoplasmsic Reticulum Membranes Ribosomes

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