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THE CHANGE IN THE CONCEPT OF TIME

THE CHANGE IN THE CONCEPT OF TIME. A comparison between the concept of time in the Modern Age and in classical societies. Barzellato Roberta, 5°A A.S. 2012-2013. Reasons For Choosing The Present Path. The concept of time fascinates me because of its cultural importance

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THE CHANGE IN THE CONCEPT OF TIME

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  1. THE CHANGE IN THE CONCEPT OF TIME A comparisonbetween the concept of time in the Modern Age and in classical societies Barzellato Roberta, 5°A A.S. 2012-2013

  2. Reasons For Choosing The PresentPath • The concept of time fascinates me because of its cultural importance • To betterunderstand the innovations in Modern society • To improvemyskills in makingintertextualconnections First Questions • Whyis time so important? • Whydid the concept of time change in Modern Age? • What are the maindifferencesbetweenclassical time and modernistsone?

  3. The Importance Of Time In Classical Society [Epistulae ad Lucilium, I - Seneca] • Time wasconsideredprecious • People thoughttheycould dominate it • Past, present and future are different «cathegories» • The importance of the present: the only moment to realize the self-improvement

  4. The Chrisis Of Time-Control An importantevent in history The Industrial Revolution The mostimportant «values» were production and profit The time of production became more important than the one of the existance People were time dependant

  5. The ModernistPeriod Importantevents • Confirmation of Victorian doubts and fearsabout society and man’splacewere • International competition for the control of trades • Atmosphere of tensionEuropeandefensivealleances • The First World War Consequences • Brutalization of men (science and industry) • Distruction of people’s self-confidence • Euclideangeometry and Newtonianphysicswere put intodiscussion

  6. A new conception of time • A.Einstein’sTheory of Relativity: space and time changeaccording to the point of view • W.James’ flowing time: simile of the river • H.Bergson’spsychological time: time is an illusionbecausepast and future existtogether with the present in people’smind Influence in literature and art

  7. James Joyce • No objective time: the whole story lastsonlyoneday • Expansion of inner time: past, present and future on the samelayer • Present: what an unearthly hour I suppose theyre just getting up in China nowcombing out theirpigtails for the daywellsoonhave the nunsringing the angelus […] • Past:  […] the sunshines for you he said the daywewerelyingamong the rhododendrons on Howth head in the grey tweed suit and hisstrawhat the day I gothim to propose to me yes […] • Future:  to put about the place in case he bringshim home tomorrowtoday I mean no no Fridays an unluckyday  […] whatll I wearshall I wear a white rose or thosefairy cakes in Liptons […] • [Quotation from Molly’smonologue] • Use of the stream of consciousness: focalization on men’smentalprocess • association of different images: no logic, no chronologicalsequencebut a spontaneous way.

  8. No paragraphs and punctuaction • Memories and ideasflowswithout a logic • The human beingcan’torganizethem. • Interiormonologue: • Subjectiveperspective • No differencesbetweeninner and external world

  9. Virginia Woolf • Interiormonologue: importance of characters • Loss of writers’ authority • Contrastbetweenpsychological time and clock time Chronological time: one single day Consciousness: shift of the point of view • Stream of consciousness • Division in unitsas Big Ben strikes the hours Big Ben: reminder of the presence of a material world unconnected with humen’sdesires

  10. Salvador Dalì, The persistance of memory The importance of inner time Three molten clocks: images for the inner time hung by a tree delatation of the memory Inner time: an elastic time Presence of a fly Rot, the passing of time on an embryonicform: symbol of life No molten-clock devoured by ants time dominatespeople’s life Revenge for the domination of time

  11. Pablo Picasso, Guernica The simultaneity • Differentpoints of view • Coexistence of past, present and future • Re-elaboration of the scene by consciousness Importance of the subjectivity Guernica, 1937

  12. Claude Debussy • Variousrhythmand no-concatenetedchordsthe absence of paragraphs and punctuactions in literature • Free and fragmentedmelodiesfree association of images

  13. Conclusions Modernistperiod Twodifferent «types» of time • Clock-time: • Governs the progress of life and ordersevents • Dominant time • Past, present and future on the samelayer Inner time: • Flexible • Flowing time • Subjective time VS Classical society • People dominated time • Past, present and future differentcathegories • The importance of the present

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