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Bearings, Lubricants and Couplings

Chapter 16. Bearings, Lubricants and Couplings. Bearings. Used to reduce friction between two surfaces Different designs to accommodate rotational or linear motion Different designs for different load directions. Bearing Loads. Radial Load

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Bearings, Lubricants and Couplings

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  1. Chapter 16 Bearings, Lubricants and Couplings

  2. Bearings • Used to reduce friction between two surfaces • Different designs to accommodate rotational or linear motion • Different designs for different load directions

  3. Bearing Loads Radial Load • Load acting perpendicular to the axis of the shaft

  4. Thrust Load • Load parallel to the axis of the shaft • Combination Load • Both radial and thrust loads applied to the bearing

  5. 2 categories of bearings • Plain bearings • Rolling element bearings

  6. Plain Bearings • Operation is based on sliding action between 2 parts • Bearing will have a press fit into the housing and a clearance fit to the shaft • No moving parts • Also called sleeve bearings, journal bearings and bushings

  7. Plain bearing materials • Bronze-needs to be lubricated • Phosphor bronze-oil impregnated • Various plastics • These materials allow low friction movement

  8. Rolling Element Bearings • Have moving parts to reduce friction • Several types Ball Bearings • Most common • High speed applications

  9. Roller Bearings • Cylindrical roller element • Higher load capacity, lower speeds • Several styles

  10. Bearing Symbols • Bearings are purchased parts • Different symbols used depending on drawing type • Schematic symbols used for machine layout drawings

  11. 3D models of products using bearings can use a simplified 3D model of any bearings in the product

  12. Machine Layout Drawing

  13. Lubrication • Roller bearings require lubrication • Too much can result in high temps and bearing failure • Too little and friction will cause heat and failure Lubricants • Oil-slippery hydrocarbon liquids • Grease-semisolid, a fluid lubricant with a thickening agent

  14. Assets of Oil • Easy to control volume • Travels well • Carry away heat • Carry away products of wear Assets of Grease • Stays put • Less maintenance • Seals out moisture

  15. Couplings • Devices used to join two shafts together • 3 categories

  16. 1. Solid Couplings • Used only when driving and driven shafts are mounted to a solid base (can’t move around)

  17. 2. Flexible Couplings • Compensate for unintentional misalignment • Prevent shock from being transferred between the shafts

  18. 3. Universal Couplings • Used when shafts are at an angle to each other (angle can change) • Also called universal joints

  19. Flexible Shafts • Transmits power at angles and around corners • Helically wound wire designed to transmit rotary motion

  20. TEST REVIEW • Mechanism • Linkage • Cam • Cam follower • Bearings • Plain bearing • Roller bearings • Ball bearings • Couplings • Flexible couplings • Universal couplings

  21. Gear types and orientation of their shafts: • Spur • Bevel • Worm • Rack and pinion • Gear train problem • Plastic gear advantages (3) • Bearing loads list and explain • Assets of oil • Assets of grease

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