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Weather Charts & Briefings: PIREPS, Progs & METARS

Weather Charts & Briefings: PIREPS, Progs & METARS. Chapter 13. Aviation Weather Briefing 1-800-WX-BRIEF. Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS) (Run by Lockheed Martin). http://www.aopa.org/whatsnew/newsitems/2005/050706bill.html. DUAT and DUATS are legal alternatives to calling a FSS.

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Weather Charts & Briefings: PIREPS, Progs & METARS

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  1. Weather Charts & Briefings:PIREPS, Progs & METARS Chapter 13

  2. Aviation Weather Briefing1-800-WX-BRIEF Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS) (Run by Lockheed Martin) http://www.aopa.org/whatsnew/newsitems/2005/050706bill.html

  3. DUAT and DUATS are legal alternatives to calling a FSS

  4. http://adds.aviationweather.gov/ Not a legal briefing, but the source that FSS generally uses. You can use this to follow along with a FSS specialist.

  5. The surface analysis chart shows frontal systems and areas of high and low pressure. The modern surface analysis chart has been “decluttered.”

  6. The Low Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart

  7. The two upper panels show forecast IFR and MVFR weather 12 and 24 hours in the future. IFR (solid line) = vis > 1sm and/or ceiling >1,000’ MVFR = vis 1sm – 3sm and/or ceiling 1,000’-3000’

  8. The small dashed lines indicate the freezing levels in that area. The heavy dashed lines and “mountain” symbols indicate areas of turbulence and the altitude of turbulence (add two zeroes). A / indicates the base of the turbulence otherwise the turbulence starts at the ground and goes up to the number shown.

  9. Be sure to note the valid time in the box in the bottom right hand corner and the legend between the two panels.

  10. The bottom panels of the chart indicate forecast high and low pressure systems, fronts, and areas of precipitation 12 and 24 hours into the future.

  11. A legend is not provided on these charts to define the symbology. You are responsible for learning these symbols.

  12. A legend is not provided on these charts to define the symbology. You are responsible for learning these symbols.

  13. Area Forecasts (FA) • Issued three times daily for six areas of the Lower United States • 12 hour forecast with additional 6 hour outlook • Times are in Zulu • Unlike TAFs, the clouds are given in MSL

  14. METARS

  15. Weather Charts & Briefings:

  16. AWOS and ASOSAutomated Weather Observing SystemAutomated Surface Observing System AWOS-A: Only altimeter setting AWOS-1: Altimeter, Wind, Temperature, Dew Point, and Density Altitude AWOS-2: AWOS-1 plus visibility AWOS-3: AWOS-2 plus cloud-ceiling data ASOS: AWOS information plus precipitation and freezing rain

  17. Winds Aloft Provided in knots, referenced to true north. First two numbers are direction and the last two speed. Temperatures are in Celsius 9900 = winds light and variable 0000 = winds calm

  18. Pilot Reports(PIREPS) • Real time weather reports made by pilots • Typically made to either FSS or EFAS • You should make PIREPS to help your fellow pilots.

  19. Weather Charts & Briefings:The End

  20. Three types of telephone briefings – standard, abbreviated, and outlook • Standard Briefing • Includes all important weather items of concern such as: • adverse weather conditions, • weather synopsis, • current weather, • forecast weather, • forecast winds aloft, • NOTAMS – airport concerns, navigation aids and hazards

  21. Three types of telephone briefings – standard, abbreviated, and outlook Abbreviated Briefing If you already received a briefing that day and just need an update on specific information, ask for an abbreviated briefing and request specific updates.

  22. Three types of telephone briefings – standard, abbreviated, and outlook Outlook Briefing Ask for an outlook briefing if you need information six or more hours ahead of time. Follow up closer to your flight time by getting a standard weather briefing then.

  23. What Your FSS Briefer Needs to Know • Your tail number or last name • Type of airplane you are flying • Departure Point • Destination • Route of flight • Estimated time of departure • Estimated time enroute • Altitude at which you will fly

  24. What Your FSS Briefer Will Tell You • Adverse weather conditions • VFR flight not recommended • Synopsis • Current conditions • Enroute forecast • Destination forecast • Winds aloft • NOTAMS

  25. Flight WatchEFAS – Enroute Flight Advisory Service120.0 MHz • FSS weather specialist available 6am to 10pm local • Anywhere in the USA from 5,000’ AGL to 17,500’ AGL • Strictly weather – no flight plans or anything else • When calling, tell them what VOR/RCO you are near

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