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Crystal Jones Office of Freight Management and Operations

Crystal Jones Office of Freight Management and Operations. USDOT Federal Highway Administration November 2007. Purpose and Desired Outcomes. Purpose: Provide an informational presentation on FHWA’s initiatives to measure freight mobility Desired Outcomes:

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Crystal Jones Office of Freight Management and Operations

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  1. Crystal JonesOffice of Freight Managementand Operations USDOT Federal Highway Administration November 2007

  2. Purpose and Desired Outcomes Purpose: • Provide an informational presentation on FHWA’s initiatives to measure freight mobility Desired Outcomes: • Familiarization with the FHWA efforts to measure travel time on freight significant corridors and border crossing and delay • Audience input and feedback on future research

  3. Topical Outline • FHWA – Office of Freight Management and Operations • Initiative Background • Methodology • Current Measures • Future Measures • Other Data Applications • Challenges and Opportunities • Future Research • Summary and Conclusions

  4. FHWA - Office of Freight Management and Operations – Objectives • Understand the magnitude and geography of freight moving on the nation’s transportation system, including international freight • Develop strategies, analytical tools, institutional arrangements, and professional capacities for all levels of government to address freight movement • Understand and promote the economic benefits of freight transportation • Encourage innovative freight technology & operations • Enforce commercial vehicle size and weight requirements

  5. Strategic Objective - Global Connectivity“Facilitate a more efficient domestic and global transportation system that enables economic growth and development” Desired Outcomes • Reduce/Remove transportation-related barriers to trade • More efficient movement of cargo throughout the supply chain Goals • To reduce travel time in key highway freight corridors • To reduce delays of commercial vehicles processed at National Highway System border crossings Outcome Measures • Travel Time and Reliability on Freight Significant Highways • Border Crossing Time

  6. What are Freight Performance Indicators? • Point-to-point travel times on selected freight-significant highways • Crossing times at international borders • Condition of connectors between NHS and intermodal terminals • Cost of highway freight per ton-mile • Cargo insurance rates • Customer satisfaction. • Hours of delay per 1,000 vehicle miles on selected freight-significant highways http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/freight_analysis/perform_meas/fpmtraveltime/index.htm

  7. Why Speed and Reliability? • Improve customer service, transit speed and reliability -L&M Transportation Services, Inc. • Improve Freight Delivery Speed and Reliability -Georgia Regional Transportation Authority • “help you move freight across borders and through ports of entry with greater speed and reliability…” - Schneider National Inc. • “FedEx Freight is known for exceptional service, reliability and on-time performance” - FEDEX Freight • BAX Global specializes in transporting cargo for customers who value speed, reliability and high levels of cost-efficient service. - BAX Global

  8. Background and Methodology What? • Use trucks as probes. Why? • Provides a quantifiable basis to engage public and private sector and investigate and explore causes of delay. How? • Partnership with American Transportation Research Institute, data providers, and motor carriers. Where? • 25 major US interstates. • Land border crossings. • 5 US/Canada crossings. • US/Mexico under development.

  9. Original 5 Study Corridors

  10. 25 Corridors

  11. Data Collection and Analysis • Data Characteristics • ID, Time Stamp, Lat, Long, Interstate Identifier

  12. Data Processing Procedures • Import raw vehicle location data into a database • Project data to route references and remove outliers • Generate trips by sorting data using a unique truck ID and time • Calculate average speed for each trip and remove speed outliers • Perform segmentation per specified, or pre-defined, segment size

  13. Current Measures - • Freight Significant Corridors • Average Operating Speeds (entire Corridor) • Travel Time Reliability (Buffer Index) • Borders (US/Canada) • Total Crossing Time • Crossing Time Reliability (Buffer Index)

  14. What is travel time reliability? How traffic conditions are typically communicated What carriers experience What they remember Annual average Travel time Travel time Travel times vary greatly shipment-to-shipment Jan. July Dec. Jan. July Dec. • Consistency or dependability in travel times measured from: • Day-to-day; and/or • Across different times of day • For Freight (for a trade lane, origin-destination pair, across the border) • Not focused on typical delay (capacity-demand) so much as unexpected delay Averages don’t tell the full story

  15. Reliability Measures • FPM Buffer Index • Extra % of Time Needed to Travel a segment of a highway and arrive On-Time, 95% of the Time

  16. Measures for different uses/users

  17. Commercial Vehicle Average Speeds I-95

  18. Other Travel Time Measures • Measures of average travel time • Average travel time in peak period in major metro areas • city-to-city travel time • shipper point-to-point travel time • Measures of delay (or added travel time) • hours of delay per 1000 vehicle-mile • percent of corridor experiencing AM/PM peak delay • Reliability Measures • Annual hours of incident-based delay • Annual hours of work-zone based delay • Annual hours of weather-based delay

  19. FPM Border Component (US/CN) • Data Available from 05/01/06 to present for 5 Crossings • Blaine (Pacific Highway): Blaine, WA • Pembina: Pembina, ND • Ambassador Bridge: Detroit, MI • Peace Bridge: Buffalo, NY • Champlain: Champlain, NY • Effort looks at crossings as well as transportation network that supports the crossings

  20. Data Collection at Ambassador 4 US Approaches • Michigan Route 3 • Interstate 75 • Interstate 94 • Interstate 96 3 CN Approaches • Provincial 401 • ON Provincial 3 • E.C. Row EXPY

  21. Blaine (May 06 to Mar 07) Average Crossing Time 45 39 40 40 40 39 38 38 35 37 39 36 36 35 35 34 33 32 32 31 31 31 30 25 25 Into Canada 23 Time(Minutes) 22 Into US 20 15 10 5 0 May- Jun- Jul-06 Aug- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dec- Jan- Feb- Mar- 06 06 06 06 06 06 06 07 07 07 Month SOURCE: FHWA/ATRI FREIGHT PEFORMANCE MEASUREMENT PROGRAM. THIS INFORMATION IS PRELIMINARY.

  22. Data Applications • State/MPO Performance Measurement • Recurring Congestion and Delay • Non-Recurring Congestionand Delay • Weather • Work Zone • Incidents • Other • Trucking Parking Analysis • Travel Demand Analysis

  23. Freight Measures • Freight tonnage by mode • Average travel speeds for trucks on selected roadway sections • Percent of trucks using advanced technology at Missouri weigh stations • Interstate motor carrier mileage • Percent of satisfied motor carriers • Customer satisfaction with timeliness of Motor Carrier Services’ response

  24. Supplement breaks down measures for internal use Districts and divisions have their own Trackers Individual performance plans Cascading Effect

  25. Focused Strategies Average Travel Speeds for Trucks on Selected Roadway Sections 2006 Calendar Year Comparison for Interstate 70

  26. Recurring Congestion

  27. Weather Example

  28. Truck Parking

  29. Truck Travel Demand

  30. Truck Travel Demand

  31. Benefits and Issues of Probe Vehicle Systems • Benefits • Accurate data collection that directly measures traffic conditions (freight) • Data collection that covers a wide area (not just urban/metropolitan areas) • Issues • Data Processing and Management • Privacy/Data Sharing • Data Quality

  32. Perfect data does not exist • Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good • What quality is good enough? • Start using what you have and plan for improvements

  33. What quality is good enough? 1674

  34. What quality is good enough? 1788

  35. What quality is good enough? 1849

  36. What quality is good enough? 2007

  37. What quality is good enough? 2003-2004

  38. What quality is good enough? 2005

  39. What quality is good enough? 2006- 2007

  40. What quality is good enough? Beyond 2007

  41. Key Next Steps • Develop a Web-based tool to disseminate data –primary audiences are public transportation agencies (e.g. State DOTs) and Academia • Directional • Time of Day • City Pairs • Expanding beyond the interstate system • Enhance data by adding additional vendors/fleets • Partner with public agencies and universities to apply the results • Decision Support Tools • Trend Analysis • Demand Modeling • Forecasting Models • Cost Benefit/Analysis • Before and After Assessments • Expand US/Cda Data Collection by up to 10 crossings • Expand to US/Mexico Border

  42. Additional information • January 2006 report: • Travel Time Reliability: Making It There On Time, All The Time • http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov • Contacts: • Crystal Jones, FHWA, 202-366-2976

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