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CPTR 314

CPTR 314. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Instructor: Dr. Eduardo Urbina. Artificial Intelligence Definition. AI may be defined as the branch of computer science that is concerned with the automation of intelligent behavior

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CPTR 314

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  1. CPTR 314 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Instructor: Dr. Eduardo Urbina

  2. Artificial Intelligence Definition • AI may be defined as the branch of computer science that is concerned with the automation of intelligent behavior • Artificial Intelligence uses the techniques of Computer Science • Data Structures for knowledge representation • Programming Languages & Techniques • Algorithms

  3. What is Intelligence? • Does it mean to perform operations fast? • Is it learned? • What is the relationship with intuition? • What is the relationship with creativity? • Can machines be intelligent? If so, Is it morally correct? Can only God create intelligence?

  4. Definition • AI is the collection of problems and methodologies studied by artificial intelligence researchers

  5. How can you model Intelligence? • Mathematical logic • Main technique so far • Connectionist Networks • De-emphasizes logic and the functioning of the rational mind but concentrates in the architecture of the physical mind

  6. How do we model Intelligence? • Using artificial life and genetic algorithms • Applies the principles of biological evolution to the problems of finding solutions to difficult problems • Solutions are are found by analyzing competing solutions; solutions with promise will tend to survive

  7. How do we model Intelligence? • Social systems provide another metaphor for intelligence; the basis of this are agents • An agent is an element of a society that can perceive aspects of its environment and affect that environment either directly or through cooperation with other agents

  8. Agents Characteristics • Agents are autonomous or semi-autonomous • Each agent has little or no knowledge of what other agents do or how they do things • Agents are sensitive to their own surroundings • Agents are interactional; they cooperate on a particular task • Intelligence is the result of the society as a whole not just a property of an individual agent

  9. Overview of AI • Most fundamental concerns of AI researchers are • Knowledge representation and search • Machine learning

  10. AI is Complex • Mimicing human intelligence is hard • Use of symbolic reasoning • Humans use inexact, missing or poorly defined information; they rely on intuition. • Answers may not be exact or optimal but just sufficient to solve a problem

  11. Game Playing Automated Reasoning and Theorem Proving Expert Systems Natural Language Robotics Languages and Environments Machine Learning Parallel Distributed Processing Modeling Human Performance AI Sub-disciplines

  12. AI features • Use of computers to do symbolic reasoning, pattern recognition, learning, or some other form of inference • A focus of problems that do not respond to algorithmic solutions • A concern with problem solving using inexact, missing, or poorly defined information • Provide answers that are neither exact nor optimal, but in some sense “sufficient”

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