Unit Ten

1. Unit Ten

2. Teaching Objectives • Enlarge vocabulary • Talk about honesty • Learn to read for deduction organization • Learn to write a paragraph of general principle supported by an example

3. Sections • Section A Being Honest and Open • Section B Web Site Resources: • The Best Aid for Cheating • Section C How not to cheat?

4. Section A Being Honest and Open

5. Table of Contents • Background Information • Warming-up Activities • Text Analysis • Vocabulary and Structure • Vocabulary Testing • Writing

6. Background Information(1) Honesty is a clear conscience "before myself and before my fellow human beings." Honesty is the awareness of what is right and appropriate in one’s role, one’s behavior, and one relationship. With honesty, there is no hypocrisy or artificiality which create confusion and mistrust in the minds and lives of others. Honesty makes for a life of integrity because the inner and outer selves are a mirror image.

7. Background Information (2) Honesty is to speak that which is thought and to do that which is spoken. There are no contradictions or discrepancies in thoughts, words, or actions. Such integration provides clarity and example to others.

8. Background Information (3) To have one form internally and another form externally creates barriers and can cause damage, since one would neither be able to come close to anyone else, nor would others want to be close. Some think, "I am honest, but no one understands me." That is not honest. Honesty is as distinct as a flawless diamond which can never remain hidden. The worth is visible in one’s actions.

9. Background Information (4) Wise sayings concerning honesty： • Honesty is the best policy.诚实为上策。 • An honest mans word is as good as his bond.诚实人的诺言实际上就是他的保证书。 • Poor but honest. 虽贫穷，要诚实。 • Honesty may be dear bought,but can never be an ill pennyworth. 高价买诚实，永远也值得。 • Knavery may serve,but honesty is best.  欺诈可能有用，诚实却是上策。

10. Warming-up Activities (1) Group discussion: 1. What do you think of honesty? Does honesty become outdated nowadays? 2. What do people benefit from being honesty? 3.Why are there so many dishonest people now?

11. Warming-up Activities (2) After reading the passage, answer the following questions: • What’s wrong with integrity today? • what does the surgical nurse’s story tell us? • what does “tough times never last but tough people do” mean？(Line 41) • What are the powerful components of integrity and the basis for enriching your relationships with others?

12. Warming-up Activities (3) Choose or give the correct answer to each of the following questions according to what you read form the text. 1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text? _______ A) Integrity is very important in every area of society, and it is a principle we must follow. B) Integrity is a compass in our heart that judges our behavior. C) In terms of integrity, there is no middle point. D) Integrity is prevailing in society now for more and more people are honest. D

13. Warming-up Activities (4) 2. Which of the following statement is not true according to the author? _________ A) You should not engage in a personal cover-up of areas that are pleasing in your life. B) Integrity means you do what you do because it’s politically correct. C) Self-respect and a clear conscience are powerful components of integrity. D) You should always give other people the praise that they deserve. B

14. Warming-up Activities (5) 3. Which of the following is true about the third principle? _______ A) Every person more or less relies on external factors in order to feel good. B) People who lack genuine core values try hard to enhance their inner values. C) When life challenges comes, we should not escape but meet bravely D) We should do everything to hide things that are unpleasing in our life. C

15. Warming-up Activities (7) II. Read the following statements. Are they true (T) or false (F) according to the text? ___ 1. According to the text, being honesty means always telling others the truth.. ___2. In my grandfather’s opinion, a person who tells lie occasionally is also integrate. ___3. In order to be honest, you need to stick to what you originally think. F F F

16. Warming-up Activities (8) ____4. Praising others who are more capable than you also means honesty. ____5. A person who didn’t respect himself is not integrate at all. ____6. To do what politically right is a symbol of integrity. T T F

17. Text analysis (1) The author begins the essay with an introduction, which is an introduction to the main purpose he puts forward. Then he puts forward the idea of the “Integrity Triangle” which consists of three key principles.

18. Text analysis (2) What we focus on here is how the three principles are presented to the readers. As we have analyzed, the three principles are introduced through the method of principles followed by an example to support each one.

19. Text analysis (3) Let’s take the second principle as an example. This part starts with the principle: Always give others credit that is rightfully theirs. Don’t be afraid of those who might have a better ideas or who might even be more intelligent than you are. (Para. 9. Passage 4) This principle is followed and supported by a detailed example of what Ogilvy & Mather did. Here is the outline of the passage ——

20. Text analysis (4) • Introduction (Para. 1-2) One should be honest and open • The “Integrity Triangle”. (3-18) 1. Stand firmly for your convictions when confronted with personal pressure. (4-8) 2. Always give others credit that is rightfully theirs. (9-11) 3. Be honest and open about who you really are. (11-12) • Conclusion (Para. 14) Self-respect and a clear conscience are two powerful components of integrity and are the basis for enriching your relationships with others.

21. Vocabulary and Structure You should memorize the following core vocabulary and useful structure.

22. demonstrate v.演示,证明;游行,示威 搭配：demonstrate against示威反对 In order to occupy a bigger share of the market, more and more car sellers will take the potential customers for a drive in their latest model to demonstrate its remarkable features.为了占领更大份额的市场，越来越多的汽车销售商带可能购买的顾客去试驾最新型号的汽车，以展示其卓越的性能。 扩展：demonstration n.

23. conveniencen.舒适,便利;方便,合宜; 便利设施（1） 搭配：it is convenient for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说干某事是方便的 suit sb’s convenience方便某人 at one’s convenience在某人方便时 for convenience为了方便，为了实用 convenience food 方便食品 convenience store 便利店 扩展：convenient a. 反inconvenience

24. conveniencen.舒适,便利;方便,合宜; 便利设施（2） We would like to call at your home at any time to suit your convenience. 我们想在你方便的时候拜访你。 Many university dormitories are equipped with modern facilities of every sort, providing students with more convenience and comfort. 很多大学宿舍配备了各种现代化设施，为学生提供了更多的便利和舒适。

25. conveniencen.舒适,便利;方便,合宜; 便利设施（3） Lots of young couples choose to buy downtown houses for convenience. On the one hand, they can go to work more easily; on the other hand, they are able to enjoy the city life more directly. 为了方便，很多年轻夫妻决定购买市中心的房子。一方面，他们上班更容易。另一方面，他们可以更直接地享受城市生活。

26. apply v.适用于；运用；致力于；申请(1) 搭配：apply to sth. for sb.向某人申请… apply to适用于apply…to…把…应用于… apply oneself to致力于 The moreyou apply the English you have learned to your daily conversations, the better your oral English will be. 你把所学的英语越多地应用到日常会话中，你的口语就会越好。

27. apply v.适用于；运用；致力于；申请(2) If students want to apply for a scholarship to study in American universities, they must make sure they meet their requirements. 如果学生想申请在美国大学学习的奖学金，他们须确保符合条件。 扩展：application n. applicable a. applicant n.申请人，志愿者

28. consist v. 由…组成;存在于,一致 搭配：consist of由…组成consist in存在于 The knowledge a person acquires consists of both textbook knowledge and social knowledge.一个人所习得的知识既包括课本知识又包括社会知识。 The worth of a person does not consist in how much he can earn, but in how much he will offer.一个人的价值不在于他能挣多少钱，而在于他会奉献多少。 扩展：consistency n. consistent a.

29. ensurevt.确保,担保,保证得到 搭配：ensure sth. 保证… ensure that…保证…，确保… To ensure the security of students, a regulation was released by the Ministry of Education recently, forbidding students renting rooms outside campus. 为了保证学生的安全，教育部最近颁布规定，禁止学生在校外租房。 The government calls on the people to donate to the Hope Project, ensuring that most school-age children can go to school smoothly. 政府号召人们为希望工程捐款，保证大多数学龄儿童能顺利上学。 .

30. assure vt.使确信，向…保证；郑重告知；确保 搭配：assure sb. of sth.向某人保证某事 assure sb. that…向某人保证… Some tourists are assured of an enjoyable and trouble-free tour previous to their setting off, but it turns out to be the opposite when they get to the destination. 一些游客在出发前得到保证，一定能有一次愉快而又无忧无虑的旅行，但当他们到达目的地时，结果恰恰相反。

31. protest n. & v.抗议；宣称，声明(1) 搭配：protest against/ at/ about抗议，反对 in protest against向…抗议 with protest不乐意地without protest乐意地 A recent poll on the site showed that if money were not an issue, a large number of highly-educated women preferred to stay at home without protest. 最近网上的民意调查显示，如果金钱不是问题，许多受过高等教育的妇女非常乐意呆在家里。

32. protest n. & v.抗议；宣称，声明(2) The local residents gathered in the square, protesting against the proposal of building a new airport in the neighborhood. 当地居民聚集在广场，反对在邻近地区建立一个新机场的提议。

33. appointv.任命,委派; 约定, 指定(时间、地点） 考点：appoint sb. (to be) + 职位任命某人为… appoint(time, place) to do指定或约定(时间、地点)做… Since there is not any objection, we will appoint him chairman/ to be the chairman.既然没有人反对，我们将任命他为主席。 He wasn’t there at the appointed time, so we had to go without him.他没有在指定的时间等在那里，我们只好不带他上路了。 扩展:n. appointment

34. preserve v.保持；保护；储存 搭配：preserve sb. from保护…免于… The survival of human beings depends largely on the survival of other species, therefore, it is our duty to preserve wild life from extinction.人类的生存在很大程度上取决于其它物种的生存，因此保护野生动物，使其免于灭绝是我们的责任。 It becomes a trend that lots of young people choose not to marry to preserve their independence. 许多年轻人为了保持独立选择不结婚，这成了一种趋势。 扩展：preservation n.保存 preservative a.储藏的; 防腐的& n.防腐剂

35. basis n. 基础；主体；基地 搭配: on the basis of以…为根据 on a…basis…性质的 establish / lay the basis of/ for…建立…的基础 Openness and honesty are the basis for maintaining lifetime friendship. 坦白、诚实是维持长久的友谊的基础。 As far as I am concerned, it is desirable that college students do some temporary jobs on a part-time basis. 就我而言，大学生最好做些兼职的临时工作。 扩展：basic a. base n. & v.

36. enrich v.使富裕, 使丰富, (使)充实 With the development of society, there appears a wider variety of entertainments for young people to enrich their lives, such as Street Dance, Bungee Jumping, Video Chatting and writing blogs etc.. 随着社会的发展，出现了越来越多的娱乐方式。例如街舞，蹦极，视频聊天和写博客，丰富了年轻人的生活。 扩展：rich a. richness n.

37. yield v.屈服,放弃;生产n.产量，生产 搭配：yield to让步，屈服 The Chinese are peace-loving people, yet on no account will we yield to any military threat.中国人民热爱和平，然而我们决不会向任何军事威胁屈服。 As more and more retailers go onto the Internet, e-business yields more profits. 随着越来越多的零售商连上因特网，电子商务产生巨大的利润。

38. tempt vt.诱惑，引诱，诱使 搭配：tempt sb. to do sth.引诱某人做某事 resist the temptation of sth.不受…的诱惑 It is the convenience and relatively high living standard of city life that tempt an increasing number of agricultural laborers to work and live in big cities. 正是城市生活的便利和较高的生活水平诱使越来越多的民工在大城市工作、生活。 Quite a few high-rank officials couldn’t resist the temptation of power and money, as a result, they ended up in jail.有些高官抵挡不住权利和金钱的诱惑，最终锒铛入狱。 扩展：temptation n.

39. at hand 即将到来; 近在手边; 在考虑之中 Having a good English- Chinese dictionary at hand will be very useful in writing a composition. 写作文时，在手边放一本好的英汉词典很有用。 When vacation is near at hand, a wise teacher will not burden his students with too much homework, for they are too excited to settle down on their work. 假期即将到来时，聪明的老师不会给学生留太多的家庭作业，因为这些他们根本没有心思学习。

40. stand for主张,相信; 承受,忍受; 代表 In Chinese culture, dragon stands for power and royalty, while in western cultures, dragon is a symbol of evil. 在中国文化中，龙代表着权利和皇室成员，而在西方文化中，龙却是邪恶的象征。

41. rely on/ upon 依赖，依靠 It is very convenient for people to keep informed of the latest news and information through Internet, however, we can’t rely on it all the time because sometimes the sources are not reliable.通过互联网来了解最新的新闻和信息很方便，然而我们不能总是依赖它，因为有时消息来源并不可靠。

42. in other words 换言之 A good education should train students to think for themselves. In other words, it will help students to develop their own ability to think. 良好的教育应该训练学生独立思维的能力。换言之，它会帮助学生培养思考能力。

43. middle point中立 (L.2) 我们要么战斗到底，要么坐以待毙，没有折中的办法。 We had to either fight to the end or wait for our death.There was no middle point.

44. involve doing sth.包含, 包括 (L.5) 尽管营销是高薪行业，许多销售代表放弃了他们的工作， 因为这项工作一年大部分时间都需要出差。 Though marketing is a high-paid job, many sales representatives give up their jobs because the job involves going on business trips for most part of a year.

45. sell out 出卖(L.6) One can’t not count on selling out himself just for a happy life, because wealth or fame do not necessarily go with happiness. 人不能指望为了过好日子就出卖自己，因为有钱或是出名并不一定就幸福。

46. be in short supply供应不足 (L.8) To promote educational level in the broad areas of the countryside, the authorities need to train more teaching staff, because qualified teachers are in short supply there. 为了提高目前广大的农村地区的教育水平，政府需要培训更多的教师，因为那些地区缺乏合格的师资。

47. bottom line关键所在(L.9) 抑制这种传染性疾病蔓延的关键是尽快找到病因及传染媒介。 The bottom line of overcoming the spread of this infectious disease is to find out both its cause and its vehicle as soon as possible.

48. stand firm 坚定信念; 坚持主张(L.11) 人生的失败者是那些不能坚定信念, 瞄准目标的人，因此我们需要以坚强的意志向目标推进。 A failure in life is those who can not stand firm for what they aim to do, therefore we need to put forward our goal with strong determination.

49. On… (medical) team 在…团队中 (L.13) Some essential qualities of an outstanding player on a basketball team includes teamwork spirit, hard-working and self-discipline. 在球队中，一名杰出球员不可或缺的 品质包括团队精神，勤奋以及自律。 我们为那些曾经是抗击“非典”特别医疗队的队员而骄傲。 We are proud of those who were on the special medical team fighting against SARS.

50. Give one’s credit 表演, 赞扬 (L. 26) 孩子们哪怕取得微小的进步，家长们都应给予及时的表扬，这是很值得做的。 It’s desirable for parents to give timely credit for their kids when they make even slightest progress.