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Women in Local Development in Slovakia

Women in Local Development in Slovakia. Maria Chaloupkova. History and presence of the women movement in Slovakia. In the year 1829 was create the Women club in Banska Bystrica and founded first children care in Slovakia.

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Women in Local Development in Slovakia

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  1. Women in Local Development in Slovakia Maria Chaloupkova Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  2. History and presence of the women movement in Slovakia • In the year 1829 was create the Women club in Banska Bystrica and founded first children care in Slovakia. • The first “girl´s discussions” originated in Liptovsky Mikulas and Martin (reading the Slovak books, presentation of the Slovak history, organization of financial collections for Slovak cultural and educational institutions). • In that time ere dated first literary works of women. • Ambro Pietor, young lawyer, came with proposal to involve women to the national life and help them to overcame their situation. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  3. History and presence of the women movement in Slovakia II. • Association Zivena, which was founded on 4th August 1869 • Ambro Pietor was his first secretary for 25 years. • The programme of Zivena was aimed on the needs of this time: get in touch women, their education, founding of educational institutions, assistance for poor girls and women during the study, development of publication activities, publication the works of Slovak women-writers and poets. Later was added collection of the Slovak arts. In the year 1872 published the first own journals... • The activity of Association Zivena maintained till the end of the Second World Ware. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  4. History and presence of the women movement in Slovakia III. • In the year 1945 started the discussion on the creation of united women organisation, incorporation with Slovak Association of Women. It became in 1948. • Spring 1990 - Slovak Association of Women was transformed to Democratic Union of Women. • Creation of many women organisations. For example: Christian – democratic Association of Women, The Society for Enforcement of Women in Science and Technology, Association of Women – Academics, Initiative of Single Mothers, etc. • The plurality of women movement brought different possibilities for involvement of large scale of women with different interests and possibilities for enforcement of the group needs. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  5. History and presence of the women movement in Slovakia IV. • Women Forum 2000- Initiative for higher representation of women in politics. This Initiative grew up on the common opinion of 36 women non-governmental organisations on the need to take part of responsibility for solution of problems and participation on public life. • Women Lobby of Slovakia - change of gender stereotypes in all areas of life, support of balanced representation of women and men on different levels of decision making, elimination of violence against women and protection of victims of violence, enforcement of principle of equal opportunities in all area of life and gender mainstreaming. WLS associates 27 organisations with different focus Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  6. Problems and obstacles for engagement of women in local development • Tightness of money, sources for activities of NGO, mainly for their own – internal life, organisational activities, office, meetings with members, or smaller organisational units, clubs • Own sources can the organisation gain from sponsor contributions, from 2 % of taxes (these can every taxpayer deliver for the benefit of any organisation in the area of social , educational, charity work, - these are defined by law), from donations. • Support from the local or regional self-government - big differences between individual regions Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  7. Political measures addressing to these needs • National Action Plan for Women in the Slovak Republic approved by the by the Government of the Slovak Republic in September 1997 – 8 areas of priority • to create space for personal choice of development strategies in family, in the employment and in the society; -to create conditions for elimination of economic disadvantage, which could make a poverty of women; -to create conditions for development of personality and employability of women with less chances (e.g. women living in countryside, Romany women, unemployed women, handicapped women etc.); Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  8. Political measures addressing to these needs II. 2.Concept of equal opportunities for women and men approved by the Government of the Slovak Republic in2001 identifies the tasks of the state and other subjects in areas where the discrimination is the most manifesting. It defines 31 measures and recommendations for realization by active participation of non-governmental organizations. The concept waschallenge for the state bodies, social partners, self-government, research institution, non-governmental organizations and other involved subjects to implement of equal opportunities issue. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  9. Political measures addressing to these needs III. 3. National Action Plan for Employment for the years 2004 -2006, approved by the Governmentis directly aimed on empowerment of policy of equal opportunities in field of employment gender equality are horizontal in all parts. Offices of Labour, Social Affairs and Family on the administrative territory supported the projects aimed to women, disadvantaged women or gender equality. They operated in many project as non-sponsored partners that patronized the project in process of project proposal evaluation. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  10. Political measures addressing to these needs IV. 4. National Action Plan to Combat Poverty and Social Exclusion approved by the Government is for prevention of social exclusion and aid for marginalized groups of population – including the gender equality also In the framework of project calls JIM laid emphasis on combating of social exclusion and improvement of the status of women. 5. Plans of Economic and Social Development wereoriginatedin individual regions. In these Plans the issues of gender equality is mentioned also. Stress on the issue depends from the strength of women NGOs and activists in the individual offices or self-governments. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  11. Political measures addressing to these needs V. 6. The Manifesto of the Government of the Slovak Republic supports gender equality a promises elimination of women discrimination: „The Government shall …secure regular monitoring of equal opportunities for men and women, and it will also create institutional structures for assertion of such issues in all policies and decisions that are being adopted within the framework of decision-making processes. This will take place at all levels of the governance of the society. The Government shall focus... to more efficient provision of a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach, efficient assistance to victims of violence and creation of a wide spectrum of co-operating entities providing services that correspond with European standards in this field.“ Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  12. Examples of activities and mechanisms for support of women engagement • 2001 – 2003 - MATRA project „Equal Opportunities in the Slovak Republic“ by Department of Equal Opportunities in the Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic. In the framework of the project was created the vision, which had aim creation of platforms on regional level to enable the dialogue – exchange of information, experience, needs - between governmental level, self-governmental units, social partners and women non-governmental organisations. These should have task common solving the problems and create better co-operation to develop gender equality – equal opportunities on regional and local levels. Although it was not made till yet – the seed started to grow. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  13. Examples of activities and mechanisms for support of women engagement II. • The twinning project “The Strengthening of Administrative Capacities in Area of Gender Mainstreaming“ (October 2005 – November 2006) implemented the Department for Family and Gender Policy in the Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic in co-operation withFrench and German experts in all region of Slovakia. The project outputs were: creation of web-site www.gender.gov.sk, Handbook of good practises, study visits in France, Germany, elaboration of draft Action Platform of Gender Equality (till yet not approved by Government), work on establishing of Committee for Gender Equality. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  14. Examples of activities and mechanisms for support of women engagement III. The project „Gender Mainstreaming in the National Policy and Programmes“ (April 2004 – March 2006) by the Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic in co-operation with UNDP – Regional Support Centre Europe and CIS in Bratislava. Theimplementation agency was a National Centre for Equal Opportunities, non-profit organisation. The aim of the project was support of gender sensitive policy on national and regional levels in Slovakia. It included gender analysis for application of gender equality into firm policy, awareness raising of publics (specificaly on journalists), conference and Handbook of best practices. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  15. Examples of activities and mechanisms for support of women engagement IV. The projects implemented by individual NGOs, regional self-governments, research institutions, or by partnerships were aimed mainly on: • the area of education or vocational training • the preparation for entrepreneurship • the reconciliation of work and family life • the equal participation on decision making processes • the combat against gender violence • the decrease of gender stereotypes Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  16. One example of the best practise on local level Women of Kysuce, non-profit foundation • from Foundation of Women of Kysuce, founded in 1992 Aims:assistance for women by health difficulties, food assistance for unemployed on suffering by hunger, humanitarian aid in time of catastrophes, assistance for battering women, controlling of observance of human rights, mainly on the social field and other aims Their activities were supported from the World Fund for Women California, ETP Slovakia, Open Fund Society, The Hour For Children, from the Slovak ministries, from the regional self-government and municipality, etc. Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  17. One example of the best practise on local level II. Projects : • “Give the opportunity to the women” • “Receive a Chance”, • “Career planning for Young women” • „Joy for Children“ • „Why to go to the NATO?“ • „Beneficium for Hope“ • “Kysuce roots” • “Our decision” • „The Lighthouse for Women Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

  18. Literature and sources: • Maria Chaloupkova: Zwischen Tradition und Emanzipation, Muenchen, 2002 • Concept of Equal Opportunities between Women and Men, MLSAF SR, 2001 • National Action Plan of Employment for the years 2004 - 2006 • National Action Plan for Women, MLSAF SR, 1997 • National Action Plan for Social Inclusion, MLSAF SR 2004 • The Manifesto of the Government of the Slovak Republic, 2005 • The second and third periodical report of the Slovak Republic to the Convention on elimination of all forms of discrimination of women, Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic (MLSAF SR), 2006 • Information on progress and realization of National Action Plan for Women in the Slovak Republic in the years 2004 and 2005, MLSAF SR, 2006 • Rachel Silvera: Handbook of the Good Experience in the Area of Gender Equality in Slovakia, MLSAF SR, Bratislava 2006 • Gender Mainstreaming – Good experience from practice, National Centre for Equal Opportunities, in co-operation with UNDP – Bratislava Regional Centre for Europe and CIS, Bratislava 2006 • www.gender.sk • www.gender.gov.sk • Internal information from Zeny Kysuc, n.f., Cadca Poznan, 17. - 18. May 2007

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