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The Great War

The Great War. 1914-1918 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2CgUIrBHoo. Outbreak of WWI. Long term causes for the outbreak of World War I Militarism The belief that a nation needs a large military force Alliances Agreement between countries Nationalism

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The Great War

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  1. The Great War 1914-1918http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2CgUIrBHoo

  2. Outbreak of WWI Long term causes for the outbreak of World War I • Militarism • The belief that a nation needs a large military force • Alliances • Agreement between countries • Nationalism • The feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness of one’s country • Imperialism • The policy by which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over a weaker nation.

  3. World War I Opponents

  4. Outbreak of War Immediate cause of the outbreak of WWI • Assassination • Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were murdered in Sarajevo June 28, 1914 • Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia; soon after other European countries were following (because of alliances)—leading to the outbreak of WWI • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kfxrTD-kPps

  5. Reasons for U.S. involvement in War • Inability to remain neutral • Sinking of American merchant ships • Alliance with Great Britain • German submarine warfare • German u-boats torpedoed several merchant ships without warning—unrestricted warfare. • Sinking of the Lusitania • Germany torpedoed the British passenger ship killing 1,198 people including 128 Americans • U.S. economic and political ties to Great Britain • The Zimmerman Telegram

  6. World War I:The United States enters the war The Untied States Declares War Wilson is reelected in 1916 and events quickly turned the US towards war. Zimmerman Telegram: • German official named Arthur Zimmerman, instructed the German ambassador to propose an ally between Mexico and Germany. • Germany wanted the US forces to be tied down to Mexico, not Europe. • Plan fails when British intelligence intercepts the Zimmerman Telegram. • In March 1917, Germany continues with unrestricted submarine warfare; sinking three American ships. • Wilsonasks for a declaration of War, April 6, 1917 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TBjSeQ602ZI

  7. The Home Front Step 1: Building up the Military • Selected Service • All men between the ages of 21-30were required to register for the draft and a lottery randomly determined the order they were called. • 2.8 million men were drafted and 2 million volunteered. • African Americans • 400,000 were drafted only 42,000 served in combat. • Encountered discrimination and prejudice in combat. • Served in segregatedunits.

  8. HOMEFRONT Step 2: Organizing Industry • Congress creates special boards to coordinate mobilization of economy. • Used to emphasize cooperation between big businesses and government

  9. HOMEFRONT • Food & Fuel • Food Administration; Herbert Hoover • To conserve food Americans followed: • WheatlessMonday’s, Meatless Tuesdays, Porkless Thursdays • Victory gardens • Fuel ; Harry Garfield • Introduced daylight savings to conserve energy. • Heatless Mondays • Shortened work weeks for non war production factories. • Paying for War • Bonds: American people were loaning the government money. • Victorybonds

  10. HOMEFRONT Step 3: Mobilizing for War • National War Labor Board • Mediate labordisputes. • Pressured industry to grant wage increases, 8 hour workdays, right of unions • Women’s Support Industry • Filled vacancies in the industry. • Shipping industries • Railroad industries • Jobs were not permanent for women.

  11. Women • First time served in armed forces as • Nurses, clerical duties, radio operators, electricians, pharmacists, photographers, chemists and torpedo assemblers • 11,000 women served in Navy • Army only allowed to enlist in Army Nursing Corps: 20,000 served and 10,000 served overseas http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOLlDSbe4y8

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