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Hannibal : Life after the Second Punic War

Hannibal : Life after the Second Punic War. Presented by Angelo Tamayo. The End of the Second Punic War. Hannibal blamed for the consequences of the Second Punic War: Heavy war repayments Surrender of all territory except the city of Carthage Surrender of war fleet and elephants

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Hannibal : Life after the Second Punic War

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  1. Hannibal:Life after the Second Punic War Presented by Angelo Tamayo

  2. The End of the Second Punic War • Hannibal blamed for the consequences of the Second Punic War: • Heavy war repayments • Surrender of all territory except the city of Carthage • Surrender of war fleet and elephants • Carthage unable to wage war without the consent of Rome

  3. Hannibal the Politician • Allowed to stay in Carthage • Elected a suffete in 197 • Fixed up the economy • Attempted to abolish Carthaginian oligarchy and attempted to introduce democratic reforms • Accused of conspiring with King Antiochus III of Syria against Rome and went into voluntary exile

  4. Exiled • Fled to Antiochus III at Ephesus to organise an invasion of Italy • Granted a minor naval command • Lost to Rhodes in naval combat at Magnesia in 189 • Fled to Armenia, then Crete

  5. His Death • Then to King Prusias at Bithynia • Granted admiralship of the navy and helped to defeat King Eumenes of Pergamum’s fleet in 184 • Rome demands the arrest of Hannibal • Hannibal poisoned himself in his home at Libyssa at about 183

  6. The Destruction of Carthage (149-146BC) • After Hannibal’s exile in 196, Carthage focused on reviving its commerce • Rome was already scared of a reincarnation or the likes of Hannibal • Numidians were taking advantage of the weakened state Carthage and “hit and running” • Rome rejected Carthage’s pleas for help

  7. Cato the Elder • A military tribune in the Punic Wars • Went to Carthage to investigate these frontier violations • Returned to Rome even more alarmed at the apparent wealth of the city • “Carthagodelendaest”

  8. The Consequences • Finally Carthage retaliated and suffered a loss • This gave Rome a valid reason to intervene • Carthage attempted to appease Rome • Surrendered some hostages • Surrender of engines and arms of war • The Romans then told them to abandon their city and settle somewhere at least 10 miles from the seacoast. • Carthage refused

  9. The Sacking of Carthage • Believed that Carthage couldn't be defeated without a Scipio in command • Makeshift weapons • Held the city for three years against Scipio Aemilianus • Tens of thousands of people sold into slavery • The city apparently burned for 17 days • The site was declared accursed • Fields sowed with salt so that nothing could grow there

  10. The Primary Sources • No Carthaginian records of Hannibal’s life, only Roman and Greek • Polybius enslaved by the Romans • Titus Livius (Livy) was a Roman by birth • Records only pertain to his public life Livy Polybius

  11. Hannibal… • Released prisoners (even if for political reasons) • Treated the bodies of the fallen respectfully • Gave Paullus (one of the generals in Cannae) a dignified funeral • Brave, confident, temperate, patient, praised for sobriety • Described as treacherous

  12. Impact • Almost singularly brought Rome to the brink of destruction • Estimated 400 towns destroyed and over 500,000 Romans killed • Instigated fear in the Romans for centuries to come • He is belittled by the Romans in later centuries and merely seen as an “enemy of Rome” • Influenced great modern military commanders such as Napoleon • Is debated by many to be the greatest generals of all time

  13. Bibliography • http://www.answers.com/topic/hannibal-barca • http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius-hannibal.html • http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius-corinth146.html • http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/polybius-punic3.html • http://acaciatrilogy.blogspot.com/2005/01/misunderstanding-hannibal.html • http://www.unrv.com/empire/third-punic-war.php • http://wildfiregames.com/wordpress/the-game/history-articles/biographies/biographies-carthaginian/hannibal-barca/ • The World Book Encyclopedia, Volume 15 (1989 Edition). Published by World Book, Inc. pp906-7 • The World Book Encyclopedia, Volume 9 (1989 Edition). Published by World Book, Inc. pp55-6 • The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, Micropaedia Ready Reference, Volume 5 (15th Edition). Published by Encyclopeaedia Britannica, Inc. pp5-29 • Hannibal - Rome's Worst Nightmare (2006) • Excel HSC Ancient History Book 2 Chapter 5 • Boak and SinnigenA History of Rome to AD. 565 Chapter 8, 9, 10

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