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Runway Safety Improvements for Air Operators

Runway Safety Improvements for Air Operators. Capt. Bertrand de Courville ICAO Runway Safety Seminar Amsterdam - 2012. Monitoring & Managing Safety Defenses. ?. Operations. Accidents. CFIT Runway collision Loss of control Mid air collision Runway Excursion …. Taxi, Take off.

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Runway Safety Improvements for Air Operators

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  1. Runway Safety Improvements for Air Operators Capt. Bertrand de Courville ICAO Runway Safety Seminar Amsterdam - 2012

  2. Monitoring & Managing Safety Defenses ? Operations Accidents • CFIT • Runway collision • Loss of control • Mid air collision • Runway Excursion • … Taxi, Take off Take off, Landing

  3. Defenses What we manage What we manage LOC Reporting channels Control Recovery CFIT What we collect Undesired events Runway Collision Mid-Air collision Runway Excursion Other Damages (Flight) Other Damages (Ground) Monitoring & Managing Safety Defenses Altitude bust Runway Incursion, W&B error Aircraft system malfunction, Loss of separation, EGPWS, etc.

  4. Check Your Taxi Policy Preventing runway collision « Taxi speed should be limited to 30 kts »

  5. Documented taxi policy (extracts) The taxi phase is a “critical phase of flight” which requires a high level coordination and attention from all cockpit crew • Taxi briefing for departure AND for arrival • All cockpit crew members must listen to ATC messages • Departure briefing performed at the gate • No routine company communications or cabin commercial announcements by pilot while the aircraft is moving • Pilot taxiing must comment position and intention to other crew members at every significant intersections • Before entering any runway, always perform a positive identification of the correct taxiway and runway namesby using mandatory visual references to signs and markings • …

  6. Risk awareness Publication of Accident & Incident Investigation Report Poster Campaign Active contribution to Prevention Initiative (EAPPRI)

  7. “On runway 34L” 16R 34L “Approaching 34L” On board equipmentPosition AwarenessRAAS : Runway Awareness & Advisory System “On taxiway, on taxiway”

  8. Look Ahead … Intuitive …Head Up … Just look left

  9. Crews can do a lot …Not everything !

  10. ? 2012 ? 2013 Preventing Runway Excursion … Decision making process

  11. Decision making WIP, LDA 2250m, Wet or Dry ? Cbs ? Tail Wind ? … Decision > to initiate or not an approach > to continue or not … > to abort or not (at low height)

  12. Stabilized at minimum stab height and then … ? Short final environment and Decision making context Video 1 Pilot eyes scann pattern Video 2 Vertical destabilisation Video 3 Lateral destabilisation 20 > 44 15 +

  13. Training the decision making (sim) Inappropriate simulator software Lack of training capacity No preset combination at low heigh of : light wind changes + degrading visibility

  14. Decision making: ways of improvement • Training the pilot decision making at low heigh • Realistic scenario at low height when visual contact is establish • More relevant simulator software including combination of • visibility reducing below DA/MDA • tail or cross wind change without alarm (not windshear) • updraft, downdraft even at low heigh (it does exist) • Model of real incident/accident scenarios • Communication and task sharing • Call out at minimum stabilized height • Go around call out/decision by first officers • Decision aid (use of technology) • Unstabilized/destabilized/deep ldg detection aid: “SmartLanding” type • Real time cockpit information whenever aircraft energy, braking action, available runway does not match each other: “ROPS” type • Design of downdraft predictive detection system: nothing for the crew

  15. Decision making: ways of improvement • Information provided to pilots • visibility, wind, runway status information to pilots more relevant with quicker update • special ATC information for any tail wind situation in addition to “conservative” radar vectoring • Immediate relay of PIREP by ATC when received • Safety management tool • Flight data monitoring: software, method and processes to assess fleet/airline performance regarding go around decision making whenever destabilized (ECAST/EOFDM initiative) • Safety data sharing such as IATA safety data programs

  16. Runway Collision (Incursion, Confusion) Runway Excursion (go around decision making) We still have to improve and we known how …

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