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Tissues

Tissues. What is a tissue? Groups of cells working together to perform a function Four Basic Types of Tissues Epithelial Covers surfaces, lines cavities, forms glands Connective Protect/support, stores energy, provides immunity Muscle Causes movement Nervous

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Tissues

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  1. Tissues

  2. What is a tissue?Groups of cells working together to perform a function • Four Basic Types of Tissues • Epithelial • Covers surfaces, lines cavities, forms glands • Connective • Protect/support, stores energy, provides immunity • Muscle • Causes movement • Nervous • Detects changes, sends/receives impulses Tissue Basics

  3. Arranged in closely packed sheets • Singular or multiple layers • Layered • Apical surface (most superficial) • Exposed to outer most layer of body cavities • Lines organs or exterior of body • Lateral surface (cells facing cells) • Basal Layer (deepest layer of cells) • Basement membrane fibers that bind and support • Avascular: Lacking blood vessels • Materials are exchanged by diffusion from connective tissue • Contain a nerve supply • High capacity for renewal Epithelial Tissue Characteristics

  4. Called: Epithelium = singular, Epithelia = plural • Two Types: • Covering and Lining • Outer covering of the skin and internal organs • Lines body cavities and interiors of some systems, blood vessels • Glandular • Makes up the secreting portions of glands • Ex: Sweat glands Epithelial Tissue

  5. Basic Epithelia Shapes • Categorized as either: • Simple cells organized in a SINGLE layer • Found where diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption occur • Stratified cells organized in 2 or more layers • Found where protection is needed and there is often wear and tear

  6. Simple Epithelium • Squamous= flat cells • Important for filtration (kidneys) or diffusion (lungs & capillaries) • Cuboidal= cube shaped cells • Important for secretion and absorption • Columnar= column shaped cells • Important in absorption and secretion of mucus

  7. Simple Squamous Epitheliumsingle layer of flat cells

  8. Simple Squamous Epitheliumsingle layer of flat cells

  9. Simple Cuboidal Epitheliumcube shaped cells, rounded nuclei

  10. Simple Cuboidal Epitheliumcube shaped cells, rounded nuclei

  11. Simple Columnar EpitheliumMay be ciliated or non-ciliated

  12. Simple Columnar EpitheliumMay be ciliated or non-ciliated

  13. Simple Columnar EpitheliumMay be ciliated or non-ciliated

  14. Simple Columnar EpitheliumMay be ciliated or non-ciliated

  15. Pseudostratified Columnar appears stratified: nuclei at various levels

  16. Pseudostratified Columnar appears stratified: nuclei at various levels

  17. Stratified Epithelium • Squamous= flat cells • Apical layer cells are flat • Deep layers vary from cuboidal to columnar • Cells in the basal layer divide and move upward toward apical surface • Found in areas of surface wear & tear to provide protection • Mouth • Esophagus • Vagina • Tongue

  18. Table 4.1f figure 2

  19. Table 4.1f figure 1

  20. Stratified Epithelium • Cuboidal= cube shaped cells • Apical and basal layers are cuboidal • Found in areas where protection, secretion, and absorption take place • Ducts of sweat glands • Esophageal glands • Male urethra

  21. Stratified Cuboidal Epitheliumrare

  22. Stratified Cuboidal Epitheliumrare

  23. Stratified Epithelium • Columnar= column shaped cells • Apical layer cells are columnar • Found in areas where protection and secretion take place • Lines urethra • Esophageal glands • Anal mucous membrane • Conjunctiva of the eye

  24. Stratified Columnar Epitheliumrare

  25. Stratified Columnar Epitheliumrare

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