Site selection process for sheep and goat value chains in Ethiopia

1. Site selection process for sheep and goat value chains in Ethiopia CGIAR Research Program 3.7

2. Site selection process proposed for the Livestock and Fish CRP Step 1: Geographical targeting - identification of potential regions/districts for selection using GIS Step 2: Stakeholder consultations (ground-truthingof Step 1 and defining soft selection criteria) Step 3: Minimum checklist to gather data for more specific site selection Step 4: Analysis of Step 1 – 3 and final site selection Step 5: Mobilization and start of activities in selected sites

3. Site selection process in Ethiopia Step 1: Geographical targeting - identification of eligible regions/districts using GIS Step 2: Stakeholder consultation at national level (ground-truthingof Step 1, defining soft selection criteria and identifying sites) Step 3: Regional stakeholder consultation to refine site selection and prepare site visits Step 4: Site visits applying agreed minimum checklist to validate selected sites Step 5: Analysis of Step 1-4 and final site selection Step 6: Mobilization and start of activities in selected sites

4. Rationale for selecting potential livestock value chains • Growth and market opportunity: Is there evidence of increasing demand for the commodity, locally or regionally? What is the importance of the commodity for people’s livelihoods? • Pro-poor potential: How will the poor be involved? Is there evidence they can play a significant role in increased production, or being employed in value chain activities, or will benefit from increased consumption?

5. Rationale for selecting potential livestock value chains • Potential for outscaling interventions/solutions: Agroeciologicalconditions of the site representative for large areas within the same country? • Researchable supply constraints:Are there supply constraints, such as large productivity gaps or transactions costs for which research may be able to provide solutions, and would create production and welfare gains?

6. Step 1: • Geographical targeting using GIS - • identification of potential regions/districts for selection

7. Translating rationale into spatial criteria for small ruminant value chains in Ethiopia Representativeness: • agroecologicalpotential (number of growing days, prod systems) Growth and market opportunity: • sheep and goat density, market linkage (distance/time to next market), supply deficit Pro-poor potential: • number or proportion of poor people; number of poor sheep and goat keepers Supply constraints(scope for improvement): • low productivity or surplus-deficit in meat production

8. Geographical targeting with GIS • Representative agro-ecological conditions • High to medium poverty • High sheep and goat densities • Contrasting market access/domains

9. Example: Agro-ecological conditions Rangeland based Mixed rainfed Mixed irrigated Figure 1: Distribution of livestock production systems in Ethiopia (derived from Robinson et al., 2011)

10. Agro-ecological conditions Table 1: Surface area of production systems in Ethiopia (derived from Robinson et al., 2011) Focus on: • Rangeland based, Arid/Semi-arid (LGA) • Mixed, Arid/Semi-arid (MRA) • Mixed, Temperate/Tropical highlands (MRT)

11. Agro-ecological conditions • Figure 2: Areas with representative farming systems (LGA, MRA and MRT) for Ethiopia (in green, all other areas in grey)

12. Step 2: Stakeholder consultation at national level 6 July 2012 in Addis • Discuss outcome of step 1 (geographical targeting) • Define and apply soft criteria • Propose list of eligible sites for sheep and goat VCs matchingwith agreed criteria

13. Feedback on geographical targeting • Poverty level should be defined with more country-specific criteria; some data were doubtful • Applying high sheep and goat density excludes lowland systems, where the flock size is highest and the people depend fully on livestock • Predefined market domains (rural to rural and rural to urban) do not match with Ethiopian marketing reality– could try domestic versus expert or even better 'ease of market access'. further cross-checking needed

14. Fuzzy ‘soft’ selection criteria for sheep and goat value chains • Synergy with on-going research • Government priorities • Potential for success – implementation and impact • Existing links with research and extension system • Regional representation • Availability of secondary data

15. ‘Killer’ selection criteria for sheep and goat value chains • Likelihood of success • Market potential • Well known supply areas for sheep or goat meat • Proximity to Addis • Number of sheep and goats per household • Importance of sheep and goats to household livelihoods

16. List of proposed sites for sheep and goat value chains (6 July 2012)

17. Targets and criteria applied for reducing the list of sheep and goat value chains • Target value chains: 2 goat and 4 sheep value chains • Target production systems: 2 lowland and 4 highland sites • Partner research and development projects to ensure initial funding of activities • Priorities of the government to ensure interest and investment of research and extension system • Cover well known sheep and goat breeds with high market potential • Ease of implementation and probability of quick success • Balanced regional representation

18. Reduced list of proposed sites for sheep and goat value chains (23 July 2012) Other Priority Learning Sites will be from Afar, Benichangul and Gambella through exchange visits and training.

19. Step 3: Regional Stakeholder Consultation 6 August 2012 in Addis • Arrive at common understanding of program implementation • Propose districts/sites within districts for the identified sheep and goat VCs matching with agreed criteria • Identify focal persons and discuss teams for program implementation

20. Next steps • Checklist for site visits ready by end Aug. 2012 • Site visits in Sept. 2012 • Toolkit for Rapid Value Chain Assessment (VCA) ready by end Sept. 2012 • 5-day Training for Rapid VCA early Oct. 2012 • VCA at sites in Oct. and Nov. 2012 • Write-shops early Dec. 2012