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Learn about the shift from legal action to mass community-wide protests in the Civil Rights Movement, including civil disobedience and sit-ins. Explore the impact of key events like the Emmett Till case and the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
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How to Protest Individual Communitywide
Mass Action vs Legal Action • Before Brown , the Civil Rights movement (mostly the NAACP) was focused on legal action, trying to get laws changed through courts. • After the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the Civil Rights movement got a different focus. It was made up of mass action by communities against discrimination.
Civil Disobedience: A group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral. A tactic used in protest movements by marginalized people, including Af Am in the Civil Rights Movement. Sit-In: A form of nonviolent civil disobedience in which demonstrators occupy seats and refuse to move. Civil Rights activists used this tactic to great success. Popularized their oppression to world.
Nonviolent Actions Used by the CR Movement Civil Disobedience A group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination); African Americans used this kind of direct action to force a change to the laws. Sit-In A form of civil disobedience that involves one or more persons nonviolently occupying an area to promote political or social change; a primary action used in the Civil Rights movement. Greensboro, North Carolina
What does nonviolent resistance mean? Nonviolent Resistance The practice of achieving political goals through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, and other methods, and without using violence. Primary strategy in the Civil Rights movement.
Protests continue outside a segregated cafeteria, Greensboro, NC, 1960.
Emmett Till • In 1955, a 14 year old boy said “Bye, baby” to a white woman in Mississippi. In response, he was brutally murdered. • This event shocked the world, and showed them the true nature of Southern racism. • 50000 people viewed his body in an open casket, and magazines like Jet published photos.
Trial’s Conclusion • The all-male, all-white jury acquitted both defendants in only 67 minutes. • One juror said, "If we hadn't stopped to drink pop, it wouldn't have taken us too long." • This outraged people throughout the world and energized emerging CR Movement.