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Shampoo Chemistry - 2

Shampoo Chemistry - 2. Flash Cards. QUESTION # 1. A bead of oil which is completely surrounded by surfactant molecules is called a(n) _______________________. micelle (MY-cell). QUESTION # 2. Something that is water-loving is said to be ___________________.

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Shampoo Chemistry - 2

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  1. Shampoo Chemistry - 2

  2. Flash Cards

  3. QUESTION # 1 A bead of oil which is completely surrounded by surfactant molecules is called a(n) _______________________ micelle (MY-cell)

  4. QUESTION # 2 Something that is water-loving is said to be ___________________. Hydrophilic(hy-droh-FIL-ik)

  5. QUESTION # 3 Something that is water-fearing is said to be ___________________. Hydrophobic(hy-droh-FOH-bik)

  6. QUESTION # 4 The special type of ionic bonding between water molecules is called _____________________________ . Hydrogen-bonding

  7. QUESTION # 5 Hydrogen-bonding is like a sticky glue that holds water molecules together causing ___________________which is when the surface of water to acts as if had a thin flexible skin. surface tension

  8. QUESTION # 6 Mixtures of oil and water (two immiscible liquids) are called a(n) ________________ emulsions

  9. QUESTION # 7 The term ___________means to form an emulsion. emulsify

  10. QUESTION # 8 A_______________ is able to wet hair and disperse oil in water by reducing surface tension. surfactant

  11. QUESTION # 9 A substance which is oil-loving is said to be __________________ lipophilic

  12. QUESTION # 10 A surfactant molecule has both a ______________ tail and a _________________ head. lipophilic hydrophilic

  13. QUESTION # 11 Detergent _____________ comes from the Latin word meaning “wiping-off substance.”

  14. QUESTION # 12 Soaps _____________ were the first detergents.

  15. QUESTION # 13 Soaps _____________ are made from plant oil or animal fat mixed with a strong alkaline substance, like lye.

  16. QUESTION # 14 Soaps _____________ are made from plant oil or animal fat mixed with a strong alkaline substance, like lye.

  17. QUESTION # 15 soaps One of the disadvantages of _______ is that they combine with hard water to form an insoluble film which dulls the hair.

  18. QUESTION # 16 Surfactants work by getting between the surfaces of the _______ and the _________. oil water

  19. QUESTION # 17 ALL soaps and detergents are _____________ , but not all _____________ are soaps or detergents surfactants surfactants

  20. QUESTION # 18 ALL ________ and _____________ are “wiping-off substances”; _____________ are also “wiping-off” substances, but can do many other things as well. soaps detergents surfactants

  21. QUESTION # 19 The 3 most common things people look for when considering a shampoo are: 1. 2. 3. cost fragrance lots of foam

  22. QUESTION # 20 oil The micelle for an O/W emulsion would have _______ in the center and be surrounded by __________. water

  23. QUESTION # 21 The micelle for an W/O emulsion would have _________ in the center and be surrounded by ______. water oil Water OIL O/W micelle W/O micelle

  24. QUESTION # 22 The 4 main types of surfactants are: 1. 2. 3. 4. anionic cationic nonionic Amphoteric(am-fo-TERR-ick)

  25. QUESTION # 23 The charges on the 4 types of surfactants are: 1. 2. 3. 4. Anionic = ( ─ ) Cationic = ( + ) Nonionic = no charge Amphoteric= ( + ) or ( ─ )

  26. QUESTION # 24 Good things about each type of surfactant are: anionic Cationic Nonionic 4. amphoteric cheap, good cleaners good conditioners, antibacterial properties Make anionic surfactants milder less irritating to eyes, found in baby shampoos

  27. QUESTION # 25 bad things about each type of surfactant are: anionic Cationic Nonionic 4. amphoteric harsh and irritating dangerous to the eyes poor cleaners expensive, poor cleaners

  28. QUESTION # 26 A type of nonionic surfactant made from plants is called a ____________ saponin

  29. QUESTION # 27 45 – 75% of all shampoos consists of ___________. water

  30. QUESTION # 28 Conditioners _______________ are ingedients that add shine, gloss, and emollience to the hair.

  31. QUESTION # 29 Foam builders stabilizers ______________and __________ create lots of thick, rich, creamy bubbles.

  32. QUESTION # 30 Antistatic Detanglers ____________________ coat the hair shaft and improve wet combing.

  33. QUESTION # 31 Chelating agents ________________ remove iron, calcium, and magnesium which are found in hard water and which build up and dull the hair.

  34. QUESTION # 32 Thickeners ___________ help control the final thickness of the shampoo.

  35. QUESTION # 33 Preservatives ______________ inhibit the growth of mold or bacteria in the shampoo.

  36. QUESTION # 34 Fragrances coloring ______________and __________ make up less than 1% of shampoos but are responsible for 90% of sales.

  37. QUESTION # 35 Sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, and TEA sulfate are primary ______________________ surfactants (or detergents)

  38. QUESTION # 36 EDTA is a primary ______________________ Chelator(chelating agent)

  39. QUESTION # 37 The 6 major categories of conditioners are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. detanglers acidifiers reconstructors moisturizers thermal (heat) protectors glossers (silicon oils)

  40. QUESTION # 38 Fatty alcohols ______________ are large molecules of oils, fats or waxes, which are used as conditioners.

  41. QUESTION # 39 Humectants ______________ attract new moisture (from the air) to the hair while _____________ prevent moisture loss by evaporation. moisturizers

  42. QUESTION # 40 Emollients ______________ soften skin while _____________ remove skin exfoliants

  43. QUESTION # 41 Glycerine ______________ is a commonly used humectant.

  44. QUESTION # 42 Coconut, Palm, Castor, and Olive are plant oils which are commonly used to make ________. soap

  45. QUESTION # 43 Collagen _____________ is a natural protein found within body tissues, it is a water-binding agent used to improve the texture of shampoos and conditioners.

  46. QUESTION # 44 Collagen _____________ is a natural protein found within body tissues, it is a water-binding agent used to improve the texture of shampoos and conditioners.

  47. QUESTION # 45 NaCl(table salt) _____________ is a common thickening agent (makes the shampoo or conditioner thicker – NOT the hair!!)

  48. QUESTION # 46 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) _____________________________ are things that evaporate quickly. They are found in many salon products and many of them are regulated by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency.)

  49. QUESTION # 47 Cocamidopropylbetaine is used for MANY things in both shampoos and conditionsers. List some. 1. 2. 3. 4. Antibacterial detergent humectant foaming agent

  50. QUESTION # 48 Clarifying shampoos __________________ shampoos contain chelating agents to bind to metals and remove them from the hair.

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