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Chinese Dynasties

Chinese Dynasties. 1600 BCE –Shang Yellow River Valley – oracle bones for writing Ancestor worship 1046 BCE – Zhou Mandate of Heaven Confucius Warring States Period – Disunity Emergence of Confucianism, Legalism, Daoism. 221 BCE – Qin

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Chinese Dynasties

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  1. Chinese Dynasties

  2. 1600 BCE –Shang • Yellow River Valley – oracle bones for writing • Ancestor worship • 1046 BCE – Zhou • Mandate of Heaven • Confucius • Warring States Period – Disunity • Emergence of Confucianism, Legalism, Daoism

  3. 221 BCE – Qin • Unification of China – Legalism; first emperor Shi Huangdi • Centralized bureaucracy; standardized weights/measures, script; public works projects • Gave peasants rights to own land = weaken traditional social hierarchy • Great Wall of China

  4. 206 BCE – 220 CE – Han • Liu Bang started – ruled from Chang’an • Emperor Han Wudi – centralized power and expanded empire by using Legalist principles • Centralized govt and civil service exams • Confucian • Fell because of internal rebellions, too large of empire, economic problems, private armies • Silk Road developed

  5. Disunity • Buddhism spreading • Silk Road decline • 581 CE – Sui • China reunified • Strong central govt with peasant workers • Grand Canal built

  6. 618 - Tang • Culture; Women had more rights than before • Height of Buddhist influence • Equal distribution of land with merit based govt jobs • Revived Silk Road • 960 – Song • Economic growth but military problems; Women foot-binding • Neo-Confucianism – combined Confucian beliefs with writing of Buddhism; Zhu Xi philosopher wrote family guidelines • Tang & Song Technology: • Porcelain, metallurgy with stronger iron and steel, gunpowder, printing movable type

  7. 1271 – Yuan (Mongol) • Kublai Kahn and Pax Mongolica • Fell because of inflation & Plague = depopulation and labor shortage • 1368 – Ming • Confucian strong central govt; Foot-binding again • Economic recovery, new crops, overseas trade; Zheng He • National tax paid in silver • Completed Great Wall b/c of attacks • Forbidden City capital in Beijing

  8. 1644 – Qing • Ruled by Mandate of Heaven • Like Ming govt with centralized scholar-bureaucrats • Patrons of the arts • Trade with foreigners increased on silk and porcelain • Opium Wars, Sino-Japanese War (fight for Korea & loss) – China hate foreigners • Taiping Rebellion 1850s & 1860s – redistribution of land, public education and rights for women • Boxer Rebellion – 1899-1900 – rid China of foreign influence • Unsuccessful Rebellions weakened govt = fell to nationalists

  9. Communist China • 1911 – Chinese Revolution with Sun Yat-sen • Civil War (communists vs. nationalists) – Invasion by Japan/WWII – Civil War Again • 1949 – Mao Zedong and Communism • 1958 - Great Leap Forward (Agricultural Program that failed) • 1966 - Cultural Revolution • 1976 – Deng Xiaoping = China opens up to foreign trade • 1989 – Tiananmen Square

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