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Mongols. Genghis Khan conquered the other tribes Expanded his Empire until he died in 1227 Successors continued to expand Power struggles after his son Ogedei died cause empire to split apart - Different descendents all claimed legitimacy - Four separate “Khanates”
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Mongols • Genghis Khan conquered the other tribes • Expanded his Empire until he died in 1227 • Successors continued to expand • Power struggles after his son Ogedei died cause empire to split apart - Different descendents all claimed legitimacy - Four separate “Khanates” - Really four separate Empires
Adaptation of Culture • Mongols had very little history of scholarship or “high culture” - No art - No literature - No scientific knowledge • Adopted the cultures of their subject peoples - IlKhanate converted to Islam - Great Khanate imitated Song Culture
Yuan Dynasty • Formed by Kublai Khan and was also termed the “Empire of the Great Khan” - Proclaimed after he conquered the Song • Kublai Khan claimed the mandate of heaven • Genghis Khan entered retroactively as the founder (called Taizu)
Yuan Dynasty • Used Chinese style bureaucracy and built a palace • Much technology and scholarship from the Tang and Song Continued to develop • European traveler Marco Polo wrote about his visit • Other Mongols came to see the Yuan as too Chinese • Political intrigue weakened government • Driven out by rebellions