Nationalism At Center Stage

1. Nationalism At Center Stage United States sorts out internal problems and “faces” the world

2. America’s “Growing Pains” Once the Industrial Revolution heated up inventions like the new steamboat together with road and canal construction helped America compete on the world stage. With this new confidence in our nation came internal problems that had to be resolved.

3. Nationalism At Center Stage Jump Start Define nationalism

4. Discussion of Jump Start Belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries

5. Supreme Court & Banking • McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) • Tax by MD on paper used for Federal currency MD says BUS has no power over the state • John Marshall declared Bank of the U.S. was constitutional & states could not tax Fed. Gov’t. “power to tax was power to destroy” • Decision led to an increase in federal government’s control over the economy by controlling currency

6. Supreme Court & Transportation Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) …affirmed Federal Government’s right to regulate interstate commerce - not individual state’s • Dispute over shipping across Hudson River Ogden Gibbons

7. Supreme Court & Nationalism • Marshall’s decisions continued to increase power of Federal Government at the expense of state power.

8. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy Sec. of State John Quincy Adams’ Treaties • Britain - Bagot - Rush Agreement (1817) - Northern boundary is 49° N - U.S. & Canadian border is demilitarized - Occupy Oregon Territory jointly 10 years • Spain - Adams – Onis Treaty (1819) - “Gives” U.S. Florida - US settlers move in - Says we’ll take it anyway – Can’t defend it!

9. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • Monroe Doctrine (1823) • Europe should not interfere in Western Hemisphere • In return U.S. would stay out of European Affairs • European interference, would be considered “dangerous to US peace & safety” • What would Europe want in the Western Hemisphere? • Attempt to re-colonize (dominate) the newly independent Latin American countries and secure needed resources. • Could Europe still be involved in the West? • Yes, if they still had pre-existing colonies

10. Nationalism Pushes America West • Why would people leave the East for the unknown (wild) West? - Escape the law - Escape debt - Cheap fertile land - Social Status - Economic prosperity

11. Population Shift • More people leave the East and head West as more states enter the Union. • Northwest Ordinance from old “Articles”set up procedure • Would states be admitted as “free” states or “slave” states – balance was critical!

12. “Free States” vs. Slave States • Why would the government need to try to keep a balance between “free” and slave states? • Northerners would accuse southerners of trying to expand slavery • Southerners would accuse northerners of trying to abolish slavery • Representation in Congress is key to establishing the dominant IDEOLOGY for the nation!!!

13. Missouri Compromise of 1820First “Test” of Nationalism • Maine free – Missouri Slave (now 12 “free and 12”slave” states) • No slavery north mid MO (part of Louisiana Territory purchase) • Remaining Louisiana Territory (unorganized) split in two • Henry Clay negotiates in Congress. • Slavery issue solved for a generation

14. Words To Live By • “Government is a trust, and the officers of the government are trustees; and both the trust and the trustees are created for the benefit of the people.” Henry Clay (1777 – 1852) U.S. House of Representative and Senator from Kentucky

15. Closing Activity With our definition of nationalism in mind, state the influence of nationalism on the government actions shown.