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Pronouns Part Two. Reflexive and Intensive, Interrogative and Demonstrative, Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement, and Pronoun Problems. Pronouns that end in –self or –selves are either reflexive or intensive pronouns. Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns
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Pronouns Part Two Reflexive and Intensive, Interrogative and Demonstrative, Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement, and Pronoun Problems
Pronouns that end in –self or –selves are either reflexive or intensive pronouns. • Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns • Myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns
A reflexive pronouns refers to the subject and directs the action of the verb back to the subject. It “reflects” the subject. • The winners considered themselves lucky. • Themselves reflects winners • When you drop reflexive pronoun from the sentence, the sentence no longer makes sense. Reflexive Pronouns
An intensive pronoun emphasizes the noun or pronoun in the same sentence. • The players themselves designed their uniforms. • Themselves emphasizes players • When you drop the intensive pronoun from the sentence, the sentence still makes sense. Intensive Pronouns
Hisself and theirselvesare not words! • They may look like words. You may have a habit of using them. However, these are NOT words! • Use himself and themselves instead VERY IMPORTANT!
Interrogative pronouns are used to introduce questions. (Think…interrogative sentences = ??) • Interrogative pronouns include who, whom, what, which, and whose. • Who is your best friend? • What do you like best about school? Interrogatives Pronouns
Who is always used as a subject or a predicate pronouns. • Who gave you the parakeet? • It was who? • Whom is always used as an object. • Whom do you ask about pet stores? • You gave whom a turtle? • From whom did you buy it? Using Who and Whom
The best way to figure out when to use who versus whom is to answer your own question with “he” or “him.” • He = Who • Him = Whom • (Who, Whom) has my math book? • He has my math book. (Use Who) • (Who, Whom) do I ask about the social • We ask him about the social (Use Whom) Who and Whom con’t.
(Who, Whom) is your oldest friend? • He is my oldest friend. - Who • (Who, Whom) talks more – you or your best friend? • He talks more. – Who • With (who, whom) would you share your deepest secret? • I would share it with him. – Whom • (Who, Whom) would you trust for advice? • I would trust him for advice. - Whom Who v. Whom Practice
Don’t confuse who’s with whose. • Who’s is a contraction for who is. • Who’s missing? = Who is missing? • Whose is an interrogative pronouns. • Whose is this? Watch out!
A demonstrative pronoun points out a person, place, thing, or idea. • This, that, these, and those are all demonstrative pronouns. • These are my mittens. • Those are yours. Demonstrative Pronouns
This and these mean that something is near, or here. That and those mean that something is far away, or there. Never use here or there with a demonstrative pronoun. The pronoun already points out which one; it doesn’t need help. • Thishere is our cat. • That there is our crazy dog. Watch out!!
The antecedent is the noun or pronoun that a pronouns replaces or refers to. • The antecedent can be in the same sentence or in a different sentence from the pronoun. • Pronouns should agree in number, person, and gender. Pronoun – Antecedent Agreement
Agreement in Number (singular/plural) • Cole doesn’t like his teacher. His refers to Cole • The girls went to their dance class. Their refers to girls. • Agreement in Person • The teacher is Karen Hopkins. She teaches math. She refers to teacher. • Do you write stories about your life? • Agreement in Gender • Anne Aleaseis mad that she lost her phone. Pronoun – Antecedent Agreement
Be sure that each personal pronoun refers clearly to only on person, place, or thing. • If there is any chance your reader will be confused by whom or what you are talking about, use a noun instead of a pronoun. Confusing: Austin and Trace came to the work site, but he didn’t stay. (Who didn’t stay? Austin or Trace?) Clear: Austin and Trace came to the work site, but Trace didn’t stay. Pronoun Problems
Use the subject pronouns I, she, he, we, and they in a compound subject or compound predicate pronoun. • Richard and he are going trick-or-treating tonight. • Tatum and I are going to the store after school. More Pronoun Problems
Use the object pronouns me, her, him, us, and them in a compound object. • Your parents told Emily and me to leave the library. • The librarian gave Hunter and her some books. More Pronoun Problems