How Greek influenced English

1. How Greek influenced English

2. Three Ways • Indirectly by way of Latin • Directly from Greek authors • Combining elements in new ways

3. English borrowed from four languages: • Celtic • Latin • German • French

4. Latin borrowed from the Greek • Why? • Greek Civilization was older (5th century BC- 1st Century BC) • Greek poetry and drama provided models for Roman literature • Roman students studied Greek philosophy and oratory • Influence of Christianity and trade- where Greek was the common language

5. When English borrowed Latin, it borrowed Greek too!!!!

6. Renaissance • “rebirth”- renewed interest in classical antiquity (Greece and Rome) • Greek Authors • Philosophy- Plato, Aristotle, Socrates • Tragedy- Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides • History- Thucydides, Herodotus • Comedy- Aristophanes • Poetry- Sappho

7. Greek words were combined and recombined by modern scientists and doctors • Ex- • antibiotic • Chlorophyll • Chromosome • schizophrenia

8. Three Ways • Indirectly by way of Latin • Directly from Greek authors • Combining elements in new ways

9. Proto Indo European language • Single parent language • PROT- beginning • proto- language • Doesn’t exist in recorded form; reconstructed through comparison of structures of languages we do have in recorded form • Proto Indo European is the language • Indo European- culture

10. Indo European language • Languages from India to Europe • Prehistoric people spoke Indo European • Homeland in SE Europe • 3500 BC- migration W to Europe and S to India • As people become isolated from one another, languages began to evolve in a particular fashion • As they invaded each other, languages become mixed even more

12. Cognates • Words within languages related in a familial way • Words of a similar nature

13. Indo European Language Tree • Germanic • Teutonic • Vandals- barbarian raiders who sacked Rome in AD 455 • Gothic and Vandalic- extinct • Italic • Hellenic • Celtic