1 / 25

Early Marriage in Egypt: An overview

Early Marriage in Egypt: An overview. Hoda Rashad The Social Research Center The American University in Cairo. Early Marriage in Egypt: An Overview. I. Introductory Notes 1. Levels and trends 2. Egypt within Arab region and the international scene

zlata
Download Presentation

Early Marriage in Egypt: An overview

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Early Marriage in Egypt: An overview HodaRashad The Social Research Center The American University in Cairo

  2. Early Marriage in Egypt: An Overview I. Introductory Notes 1. Levels and trends 2. Egypt within Arab region and the international scene II. Differentials in prevalence and characteristics III. Wellbeing and macro considerations IV. The invisibility of the challenge: Why? V. Public endorsement : How?

  3. Recent Levels Table (1) Percentages of women and ever married women aged 20-24 who were first married by ages indicated (DHS, 2008) Source: Special tabulations based on Egypt DHS 2008 data

  4. Trend over time among all women

  5. Table (2) Estimated number of women who were married <16 and <18 by age group, 2011

  6. Trend over time among ever married women

  7. Egypt within Arab Region Table (3 ) Summary groupings of Arab countries by the nature of key challenges in the tempo and density of marriage Source: Rashad 2013 Note: * (% women aged 20-24 who married before their 18th birthday, SMAM), **(% never married women 35-39 , SMAM)

  8. Egypt within International Scene

  9. II- Differentials in PrevalenceClustering in disadvantaged areas and social groups Table (4) Percent of women aged 20-24 married before specified age Source: Same as table 1.

  10. II- Differentials in CharacteristicsVulnerability Table (5) Percent of ever married women aged 20-24, 35-49 who married once by age at first marriage and husband-wife characteristics (DHS, 2008) Source: Same as table 1.

  11. II- Differentials in CharacteristicsVulnerability

  12. III Well Being considerationsWorst Features

  13. III Well Being considerationsFor both groups husband more influential in important decisionsMore partnership for late marriage Table (6) Percent distribution of currently married women by person who has the final say in making specific decisions according to age at first marriage (DHS, 2008) Source: Same as table 1.

  14. More accepting attitudes towards Violence Table (7) Percent of women aged 35-49 who agreed with specific reasons justifying a husband beating his wife by age at first marriage (DHS, 2008) Source: Same as table 1.

  15. The Invisibility of Challenge: Why? Centrality of Marriage + Acceptance of Early Mar. Centrality of Marriage • Marriage as a protective institution (premarital sex, economic, emotional, …) • Gender values not recognizing value of productive roles and public participation of women

  16. Teach your Girls to Fulfill their Dreams before Marriage. The Husband is not Santa Claus

  17. Acceptance of Early Marriage Practices • Religious interpretations • Dominance of fam. & societal frames over indv. Frames (not recognizing abuses) • Weak knowledge (Levels + -ve impacts) • Concerns with delays of marriage % of women 20-24 marrying < 18 = 16.6% % of women 25-29 never married = 17.7% % of women 30+ never married = 3.8%

  18. V. Public Endorsement: How? Religious interpretation Human Rights based Approaches Gender Dynamics Knowledge Addressing Celibacy Other Entry Points • Political Commitment • Empowerment of Girls • Legislations and Protections • Macro Development • Curative Actions

  19. References • El-Zanaty, F. and Way, A. (2009). Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 2008. Cairo, Egypt: • Ministry of Health, El-Zanaty and Associates, and Macro International. • Rashad, H. (2013). The tempo and intensity of marriage in the Arab Region: Key challenges and their implications. Paper presented at the international seminar titled “Impact of Changing Population Dynamics on the Arab Family”, Doha, Qatar 2-3 December.

  20. Appendix Table (A1 ) Classification categories Source: Rashad 2013

  21. Table (A2) Percent of women and ever married women in specified age groups who were first married by ages indicated (DHS, 2008) Source: (1) Special tabulations based on Egypt DHS 2008 data (2) El-Zanaty and Way 2009, Egypt Demographic and Health Survey 2008

  22. Table (A3) Among women aged 20-24 percent ever married and percent of women first married before specific age by selected characteristics (DHS, 2008) Source: Same as table 1

  23. Table (A4) Percent distribution of ever married women aged 35-49 according to status of first marriage by at first marriage, Egypt 2008 Source: Same as table 1.

  24. Table (A5) Mean age at first birth, mean number of children ever born, mean number of dead children and mean ideal number of children among ever married women aged 35-49 according to age at first marriage (DHS, 2008) Source: Same as table 1.

  25. Table (A6) Percent distribution of currently married women by person who decides how to spend money respondent earns and the percent distribution by who decides how the husband earns are used according to age at first marriage (DHS, 2008) Source: Same as table 1.

More Related