Presentation Transcript

1. Energy Storage – The Holy Grail for Energy Security? Markus Hoehner, Founder and CEO Solar Breakfast Briefing 2014, Riyadh, KSA April 17th, 2014
2. About Us The Hoehner Research & Consulting Group (HRCG) incorporates the expertise of EuPD Research, 360|Consult and 360|Concept in its integrated solutions. We combine market research with strategic consulting and communications which enable us to provide our customers from governments, associations, chambers of commerce as well as the finance and industry sectors with sustainable integrated business solutions. Ten years of focused Research and Consulting Founded:11/24/2000 CEO and Founder: Markus A.W. Hoehner Principal Offices: Bonn | Berlin | San Francisco Employees:>100 FTE analysts & consultants Interview Center: 60 agents (specialized in CleanTech) Core Areas: CleanTech, Pharmacy & HealthCare, Sustainable Management Special Fields:Market Research, Strategic Marketing, Strategy Consulting, Economics & Financial Research, Commercial Due Diligences, Risk Management
3. About Us
4. Agenda About Us Energy Storage – Introduction Applications Technologies Utility Scaleand Distributed Storage Global Project Profile What does it mean for the MENA / GCC region?
5. Energy Storage – Introduction Fundamental principle and very important characteristic of electricity: ‘Electricity cannot be stored directly as electrical energy unless converted into another form’ Electricity Severe Cost Implications Excess Generation Capacity for Peak Loads Reserve Generation Capacity to account for changes in the load or unplanned loss of a generator etc. Demand Supply
6. Energy Storage – Introduction ‘Although electricity cannot be stored directly, it can be converted to another form and stored.’ Primary Drivers for Energy Storage: Increase in peak demand and the need to respond quickly given constraints in generation and transmission capacity Continuous need of high quality, reliable power Integration of distributed and intermittent sources of RE As we start to move away from fossil fuel based sources towards RE and overhauling our electricity infrastructure energy storage systems would play an increasingly important role!
7. Agenda About Us Energy Storage – Introduction Applications Technologies Utility Scaleand Distributed Storage Global Project Profile What does it mean for the MENA / GCC region?
8. Energy Storage – Applications A wide variety of potential storage applications exist and depending on the application an appropriate technology needs to be chosen. Some key applications include – Load Shifting: Refers to usage of energy stored during periods of low demand for periods with high demand (production constant). During peak demand hours, stored energy is discharged to augment generation output or T&D capacity. Mitigating Transmission Congestion: Holding onto the generated capacity until transmission lines clear up (especially in cases where the generation is far from population centers) 1 2 Renewables Time Shifting: RE generation and demand do not match and typically occur in different periods during day / year Wind and solar depend on weatherconditions Similartoloadshifting 3
9. Energy Storage – Applications A wide variety of potential storage applications exist and depending on the application an appropriate technology needs to be chosen. Some key applications include – Spinning Reserve: Stored energy to compensate for unexpected loss of generation resources Refers to stored energy that can be made available immediately (i.e. very fast response time) Off-grid: Off-grid consumers use fossil or RE sources for their electricity Since these are variable in nature they need to be complemented with storage solutions to fill gaps between supply and demand 4 5 Others: Regulation control Voltagesupport Etc. 6
10. Agenda About Us Energy Storage – Introduction Applications Technologies Utility Scaleand Distributed Storage Global Project Profile What does it mean for the MENA / GCC region?
11. Energy Storage – Technologies Global Energy Storage Capacity (by technology) Energy Storage Capacity: Pumped Hydro is the world’s most commonly used storage technology with a global capacity of 140 GW (22 GW out of which are installed in the US). Other popular storage technologies include CAES and various types of battery technologies
12. Energy Storage – Technologies Pumped Hydroelectric Storage (PHS) System: Most mature form of energy storage Working Principle: A pumped hydroelectric energy storage system uses electricity to pump water to higher altitude where it is stored as gravitational potential energy To generate electricity water is released and passed back through turbines/generator on its way to a lower reservoir Efficiency and Applications: PHS efficiency is between 75 and 85% Load Leveling and Peak Shaving
13. Energy Storage – Technologies
14. Energy Storage – Technologies Compressed Air Energy Storage: Relatively mature form of energy storage Working Principle: CAES system uses a compressor which uses low cost off-peak power to store energy as compressed air inside an air-tight vessel The energy is converted back to electricity by reheating pressurized air. It is then passed through an expansion turbine where it is combusted to drive an electric generator Efficiency and Applications: Large CAES efficiency is 73 to 89% Load Shifting, regulation control, spinning reserve are some applications where CAES technology can be used
15. Energy Storage – Technologies Batteries: Widely used form of energy storage both in distributed and centralized systems Working Principle: Use chemical reactions with two or more electrochemical cells to enable the flow of electrons Examples include – Lithium based batteries (lithium-ion etc.), Lead Acid based batteries, Sodium Sulphur (NaS) amongst others Applications: Grid Support and integration of intermittent renewables Consumer electronics
16. Agenda About Us Energy Storage – Introduction Applications Technologies Utility Scaleand Distributed Storage Global Project Profile What does it mean for the MENA / GCC region?
17. Utility Scale and Distributed Storage Global Project Profile – Several utility scale energy storage projects have been operational and under construction. Below are a few examples:
18. Utility Scale and Distributed Storage Global Project Profile – Several distributed energy storage projects are also being incentivized globally – For example Germany has introduced a subsidy mechanism for battery storage technology with Photovoltaics.
19. Agenda About Us Energy Storage – Introduction Applications Technologies Utility Scaleand Distributed Storage Global Project Profile What does it mean for the MENA / GCC region?
20. What does it mean for the MENA / GCC region? Various GCC countries have embarked upon their plans to make renewable energy (solar, wind and other sources) a cornerstone of their future electricity mix. Saudi Arabia: 54 GW of RE by 2032 Solar PV – 16 GW CSP – 25 GW UAE: Both Dubai and Abu Dhabi have launched tenders for two large-scale solar plants, each 100 MW. Furthermore, Dubai plans to introduce a rooftop PV program to promote solar Source: IRENA
21. What does it mean for the MENA / GCC region? Such ambitious RE plans will make solar and other sources of renewable energy an essential component of the energy mix thereby altering the energy mix of this region Furthermore, it is estimated that the energy requirement of the region would only increase in the next years Such circumstances would require utilities in the region to think ahead to provide secure network for transmission of such intermittent energy – WITHOUT APPROPRIATE ENERGY STORAGE SOLUTIONS IN PLACE, COMPLEX INTEGRATION ISSUES COULD ARISE – A CASE WHICH SEVERAL EU NATIONS FACE TODAY THEREFORE, THERE IS A NEED TO THINK AHEAD!
22. Thank you for your attention! Markus Hoehner Founderand CEO, HRCG hoehner@hrcg.eu