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TICK VECTORS TRANSMISSION PATHWAYS OF TICKS

adult. egg. larva. nymph. pathogen. first host second host third host. TICK VECTORS TRANSMISSION PATHWAYS OF TICKS. transovarial. transstadial. [ red line = pathogen pathway ]. year 1 year 2 year 3. adult.

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TICK VECTORS TRANSMISSION PATHWAYS OF TICKS

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  1. adult egg larva nymph pathogen first host second host third host TICK VECTORSTRANSMISSION PATHWAYS OF TICKS transovarial transstadial [ red line = pathogen pathway ]

  2. year 1 year 2 year 3 adult larva egg nymph nymph ewe sheep 1 ewe sheep 2 TICK VECTORS RESERVOIRS OF INFECTION - TICKS & ANAPLASMA [ red line = Anaplasma pathway ]

  3. larva larva nymph nymph patent infection in lamb (infection may die out) carrier infection in lamb TICK VECTORSRESERVOIRS OF INFECTION - SHEEP & ANAPLASMA (lamb passes infection nymph to larva instanteously) lamb at year 1 same animal stressed at year 2

  4. larva larva nymph nymph nymph sheep = disease + transmission hares = transmission dogs = disease but hosts only hosts dead end hosts TICK VECTORSDISEASE HOST / TRANSMISSION HOST / DEAD END HOST (louping ill virus)

  5. neutrophils --> neutropenia infected neutrophils TIME COMMENSAL ON SKIN Staphylococcus aureus SYSTEMIC IN JOINT Anaplasma transmission to sheep TICK VECTORSETIOLOGY OF TICK PYAEMIA

  6. TICK VECTORSMAINTENANCE OF ENDEMIC STABILITY (e.g. TICK BORNE FEVER IN SHEEP) ewe immune to infection lamb susceptible to infection but age-resistant to disease lamb receives no challenge ewe susceptible to infection and disease

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