Ancient Greece art and architecture

1. Ancient Greece art and architecture

2. Art and architecture had a big part in Ancient Greece because we wouldn’t know anything about their religion without art and without architecture we wouldn’t have seen the amazing things that they built.

3. Art was important to ancient Greece because they made sculptures and paintings of their gods.

4. Architecture was important to ancient Greece because they made temples dedicated to gods and for their kings.

5. Olympia was designed and built by ancient Greece. The Olympic games were held there and it was dedicated to Heral’s husband Zeus.

6. Knossos was an important building because it has columns that are thicker at the top than at the bottom it surrounds one of the light wells which illuminated the interior.

7. Artists made statues of gods. One of the statues that they made was of Zeus, his statue represents the Greek ideal of divine majesty.

8. Artists made sculptures of men and women. The sculptures of women show what women do on normal days, which is doing chores, cooking, teaching their daughters to cook and take care of an infant.

9. The artists made sculptures of warriors. One of the warriors who had been made into a sculpture was a dead Athenian warrior. The Athenian marble sculpture dating from 530-520 B.C. shows the stiff posture and smiling expression that sculptures used for Heroic statues.

10. This is important because we wouldn’t know very much about ancient Greek religion without art.

11. Architecture is important because we know more about the history of ancient Greece with it, for example we wouldn’t know about the first Olympic games if they didn’t built Olympia.

12. These are reasons on why I think art and architecture are important in ancient Greece.

13. Mythology and Religion Casey Christ

14. Introduction Stories from Minoan/Mycenaean history to ancient Greek history are of human heroes that ended up getting stretched to make the humans seem more like godly figures Several different versions of stories to go with these gods were created from the exaggerations 12 main gods were created and stood out above the rest

15. Introduction Myths kept cultures alive during the Dark Ages Mythology was history to the Greek culture, and it inspired their people deeply Songs sung during the Dark and Golden Ages were preserved memories of past glories

16. Specific Aspects 12 Most Important Gods: Zeus: the sky god; the major, supreme god; ruled all Poseidon: the sea god Hades: god of the underworld Hestia: virgin goddess of the Hearth Artemis: virgin goddess of the hunt and chastity Hera: goddess of marriage Ares: god of war Aphrodite: goddess of love, desire, and beauty Hermes: messenger of Zeus, fastest of the gods Hephaestus: god of fire and the forge Apollo: prophecy of music and healing Athena: virgin goddess of city, handicrafts, and agriculture

17. Specific Aspects Minstrels: They claimed to have relations with the gods and/or heroes or to be related to the gods and/or heroes Organized tales of Iliad and Odyssey Example: Homer was a minstrel

18. Specific Aspects City-States: Each city-state worshipped a particular god People made offerings and worshipped their god(s) greatly Example: Athens Athena

19. Specific Aspects The Parthenon Places: The Parthenon was an Athenian temple honoring warrior goddess, Athena The Underworld was where the Greeks’ souls went after death; ruled by Zeus’s brother Hades Greeks prayed at oracles

20. Specific Aspects Miscellaneous: Persephone was a beautiful earth-living girl. One day, Hades saw her and wanted her, so he kidnapped her to the Underworld. Here, she refused to eat until she was dying of starvation and finally ate pomegranate seeds, which meant she could not go back to Earth. Persephone’s mother, Demeter, was furious and asked Zeus to make a deal with Hades. In the end, Persephone married Hades to become Queen of the Underworld and was able to go to Earth for the warmer half of the year and she stayed in the Underworld during the colder half.

21. Conclusion Greeks treated mythology as their religion in the ancient times Mythology was not only their religion basically, but also their history Ancient Greeks prayed, worshipped gods, and made offerings to gods frequently Prayed at places like oracles, souls went to the underworld, and places like the Parthenon were created for the city states’ particular god(dess)

22. Conclusion After losing all literacy, mythology kept the people alive during the Dark Ages Dark Age history continued through the stories and songs ancient Greeks told/sang An example of a person who kept the cultures alive by telling stories or singing would be Homer, a minstrel

23. Bibliography Hunt, Lynn, et al. The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures. Boston: Bedford/St Martin’s, 2005. Print. Stapleton, Michael. A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Mythology. New York: Bell Publishing Company, 1978. Print. Schomp, Virginia. Cultures of the Past: The Ancient Greeks. New York: Berchmark Books, 1996. Print. Graves, Robert. New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology. London: The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, 1959. Print.

25. *~What is Philosophy?~* • Literal term “The Love of Wisdom” • First began when Greek thinkers wrote to express their innovative ideas • No schools; ideas diffused by tutoring, public lectures, prose works • Ideas: separation of science and religion, natural phenomena were neither random or arbitrary

26. . . .Origins . . . • Began in Miletus, Ionia • Location gave them contact with Near Eastern Scholars • Important philosophers began here

27. Pre-Socratic Philosophers • Thales: worked from Babylonian Discoveries, learned regular movements of the stars and planets. Showed natural order of things. • Anaximander: reached conclusion, unchanging laws of nature ruled the universe, not gods • Pythagoras: taught numerical relations explained the world, initiated Greek study of mathematics and aspects of musical harmony • Rationalism: Give reasons for conclusions, logic over religion

28. The Man: Socrates • Most Famous Philospher • Lived a humble life: cheap clothes and a heavy drinker • Lifestyle: Questioning people’s beliefs

29. Socrates’ Methods • Main concern: ethics • True Justice vs. Injustice • Socratic Method: questions lead to conclusions about oneself • His execution: believed his ideas were controversial but could not tried in court, • Chose death over exile

30. The Pupil: Plato • Pupil of Socrates • Death of Socrates => hate towards democracy • Gave up on everyday politics because they couldn’t prevent violence or greed

31. Plato’s Works • Writing and lecturing philosophy as a guide to life • Created the Academy: a place of exchanging information • Scholars discussed philosophy, mathematics and theoretical astronomy

32. Summarization • Philosophy is the love of wisdom and helps us understand the deep question of the world. • Philosophers take these deep questions and spread them to the normal people • Philosophers help show the justice and reality in the world.

33. Why should we care? • Understanding of the “deep” questions • Helps teach us realistically • Led to innovations

34. Bibliography • Hunt, Lynn, et al. The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures. Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2005. Print • Popkin, Richard H., Philosophy Made Simple Bradway, New York, Made simple Books, 1993. Print • Woodfin, Rupert. Introducing Aristotle Cambridge, UK: Totem Books 2001. Print • Roth, John K., World Philosophers and Their Works Vol.3 Pasadena, California. Salem Press Inc., 2000. Print

35. Clothing/Hairstyles Daily Life Children/Pets Men/Women Megan Taddeucci Dancing Housing Marriage

36. What would you do if your life consisted of drinking parties after dinner, having mice as pets, being considered a kid until thirty, and seeing nothing but blonde hair?

37. *Women in Ancient Greece got married at age fifteen to men a lot older. *Houses were decorated with confetti and olives. *Fathers arranged marriages. *Getting married and having kids were the two most important things in a girls life. Marriage

38. Men and Women *Men worked all day; varying from work in the fields to running the government. They also enjoyed sailing and hunting. *Men attended drinking parties, wrestling matches, and enjoyed horseback riding. *Women were only allowed outside of the house for special occasions. *Women had separate rooms in homes.

39. Children and Pets *Boys went to school at age seven. *Girls stayed at home and were taught how to be good wives. *Girls grew up faster than boys because they were married at fifteen. *Boys and girls played games like the kids in this picture This particular game is called ephedrismos. *Typical pets were birds, dogs, goats, tortoises, and mice. Unlike today, cats were NOT popular. *Kids played with rattles, horses on four wheels pulled by a string, yo-yos, and terra cotta dolls.

40. *Money wasn’t spent on houses, it was spent on temples. *Not many windows in homes. *The God Hermes protected homes. *Used oil lamps for light. Housing/Food *Breakfast: small piece of bread dipped in wine. *Lunch: goat cheese, olives, fish. *Dinner: fish/eels, vegetables with honey, no wine because they had after dinner drinking parties. *Desert: salted almonds, figs, cheese and salt.

41. Clothing and Hairstyles *Everyone wanted to have blonde hair, attempted to bleach hair to be blonde. *Women had curled hair in carefully designed styles held together with waxes and lotions. Usually wore braids piled on top of their heads. Also wore headbands made of ribbon or metal. *Men cut hair short, unless they were soldiers because they wore beards. *Barber shops first became popular in ancient Greece. *Men and women wore linen in the summer and wool in the winter. *Most families made their own clothes that consisted of simple tunics and warm cloaks. *First hat--called the petasos– was invented by the Greeks.

42. Dancing *Greeks had over 200 types of dances. *Dances were accompanied by musical instruments like lyres flutes, and a wide variety of percussion. *Men and women rarely danced together. *Believed that dance was a way of improving physical and emotional health.

43. Ancient Greece Daily Life Most would agree that not all people have goats as pets, over 200 types of dances, or certain rooms in households for just one woman. Greeks had complex ways of living but this way of living is an excellent example of how most things we have today came about.

44. Bibliography • Steele, Valarie. Encyclopedia of Clothing and Fashion. Detroit: Thomson Gale, 2005. Print • Garl and Robert. Daily Life of the Ancient Greeks. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1998. Print • < http://greece.mrdonn.org/kids/html > October 19, 2009 • < www.getty.edu/art/exhibitions/coming_of_age/school.html > October 19, 2009 • Nardo, Don. The Ancient Greeks. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2001. Print • Hunt, Lynn, et al. The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2005. Print