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Respiratory Diseases in Finisher Swine: Learning as You Go

Respiratory Pathogens. BacterialActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaActinobacillus suis Bordetella bronchisepticaHemophilus parasuisMycoplasma hyopneumoniaePasteurella multocidaSalmonella cholerasuisStreptococcus suis. ViralPorcine Circovirus - Type 2 Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrom

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Respiratory Diseases in Finisher Swine: Learning as You Go

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    1. Respiratory Diseases in Finisher Swine: Learning as You Go Brian Payne, DVM Bethany Swine Health Services Sycamore, IL

    2. Respiratory Pathogens Bacterial Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia Actinobacillus suis Bordetella bronchiseptica Hemophilus parasuis Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Pasteurella multocida Salmonella cholerasuis Streptococcus suis Viral Porcine Circovirus - Type 2 Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome Virus Pseudorabies Virus Swine Influenza Virus Parasite Ascarids Toxoplasmosis Other Fe Deficiency Fumonisin

    3. Respiratory Disease Clinical Signs Coughing Sneezing Thumping Abnormal snout growth CNS signs Tear-stained eyes Fevers Lethargy Decreased intake/ADG Poor F:G Decreased water consumption Mortality

    4. Respiratory Disease Triggers Pathogen overload Ventilation stress Temperature, gasses and humidity Social stress Overcrowding, mixing and moving Health stress Concurrent diseases, immune suppression Nutritional stress Malnutrition Genetic selection and growth

    5. Case Study # 1

    6. Case Study # 1 You get a phone call from a producer: “I am starting to see a lot of coughing and thumping. A couple died in the past week and two this morning”

    7. And by the time you get there…in 2 hours

    8. What Do You Do? Just like in school, you need to know/complete the basics: History Walk-through (P.E.) Diagnostics Treat Reassess Learn from your successes/failures

    9. History What age/size are the pigs? How many are there? What is the farm history of respiratory disease? Are there clinical signs at the sow farm? When were the first clinical signs? Are they off feed? Water?

    10. History (cont.) What is the vaccination history? What is the treatment history? Feed? Water? Injectable? Has the producer performed necropsies? What has the weather been? Any malfunctions in the building environment? (Check highs/lows)

    11. Walk Through

    12. Walk Through This is your clinical exam View the room quietly before you enter Watch the pigs Listen to the pigs

    13. Case Study # 1

    14. Necropsy

    16. Necropsy

    17. Case Study # 1 Histopathology Results: Bronchointerstitial pneumonia Multifocal suppurative necrosis of lungs Reactive lymph nodes Virology: neg for PRRS, SIV, PCV2 Bacteriology: Cultured Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia

    18. Case Study # 1 Penicillin and Excenel Susceptibilities: Broad-spectrum Withdrawal Period Penicillin – 15 days Excenel® – 4 days

    19. Case Study # 1 How did we do? This one was a success Death loss to a minimum; Only 2 more died as a result of APP Prevention Increase air flow With pigs that are APP positive, always provide fresh air Stale air will trigger clinical signs

    20. Case Study # 2

    21. Case Study # 2 2 site production system Sow center – Breed to Wean Family farm Single nursery Two finishers All confinement

    22. Case Study # 2 Pig Flow 1,500 head groups every 8.5 weeks Weaned into nursery 8 weeks in nursery Moved to either F1 or F2 on rotational basis ~ 17 weeks in the finisher Total days to market 170 days

    23. Case Study # 2 Turns #34 and #35 had less than desirable performance (ADG and F:G) Mortality remained ~3.5-4.0% At the time, no notable clinical signs throughout the nursery, grower and finishing stages At least from what I knew then!

    24. Case Study # 2 Wean-to-Finish ADG

    25. Case Study # 2 Wean-to-Finish F:G

    26. Case Study # 2 Group #36 occupies F2 Hogs have been on site for 135 days How many days until average days to market? 35 days, but 1st group will be marketed in 20 days This is the second group to get a mild cough right around this age During early 2006 we had a lot of H1N1 SIV going through the area Caused a mild cough and off-feed for about 2 days Other than that, it seemed harmless My assumption the previous and current group were infected with SIV

    27. Case Study # 2 The cough progressed to a very deep cough, lingered for 1 week, now day 145 on feed Thumping pigs Necropsy

    28. Case Study # 2 What do you do? Diagnostics What are you looking for? Which pig(s) do you want to sample? What samples do you take? What tests do you request?

    29. Dx-Lab Results Mycoplasma PCR positive on lung tissue Histopathology of lungs determined to be caused by a bacterial pathogen Mononuclear infiltration (bronchi and vessels) Bronchointerstitial pneumonia Non-specific SIV PCR negative No other significant findings

    30. How to treat this group? Mass medicate? Individual treatments?

    31. Prevention Strategy Vaccinate Choosing a product Choosing the correct timing Choosing a dosing program Pulse medication Choosing a product Choosing the time

    32. How Did We Do? Mortality was never an issue Vaccination with 1 dose of commercial Mycoplasma vaccine has been a success Monitoring water consumption was useful on the following group (#37) as they were not vaccinated Decreased water consumption 1-2 days prior to any clinical signs Immediately medicated with Lincomycin soluble

    33. Case Study # 2 Wean-to-Finish ADG

    34. Case Study # 2 Wean-to-Finish F:G

    35. Case Study # 2 It looked like flu! It sounded like flu! Therefore, it must be… Mycoplasma

    36. Case Study # 2 Conclusions What is a clinical sign? We are trained to view the animal Look beyond the pig Daily intake and feed delivery Water consumption Don’t assume that because 1 disease is running through your practice area that because your client’s case looks similar to the others that it is that same ‘ole disease

    37. Feel Free To Contact Me Brian Payne, DVM

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