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Adding a Mode as a Final Step in the Follow-up of a Panel Survey. Seminar on New Frontiers for Statistical Data Collection Geneva , Switzerland , 31 October – 2 November 2012 Birgitta Göransson, Statistics Sweden Anton Johansson, Statistics Sweden. About the Survey.
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Adding a Mode as a Final Step in the Follow-up of a Panel Survey Seminar on New Frontiers for Statistical Data Collection Geneva, Switzerland, 31 October – 2 November 2012 Birgitta Göransson, Statistics Sweden Anton Johansson, Statistics Sweden
About the Survey • Level of LivingSurvey (LNU) • The survey is commisioned by Stockholm Universitysince 1968 • Panel survey • 10 yearsbetweeneachwave • Statistics Sweden has beeninvolved in data collection in all waves • The most recent wave of the surveybegan in 2010 and wasfinished in 2011
About the Interview • Face-to-face • Telephone as an option • Interviewlengthapproximately 60 minutes • Householdsurvey • Data collection from severalmembers of the respondent´shousehold • Main respondent • Husband/wife/partner • Children between 10-18 yearsold • Herewefocus on the interview with the main respondent
Population and Sample • Target population: Residents in Sweden, 18-74 years old • Sample size: 8889 persons
Response Rates in LNU 1968-2010 90 % 85% 82% 79% 76% 61%
About the Data Collection • Response rate 2010 wasverylowcompared to the response rate in year 2000 • But still, to reach this response rate (61 %) wehadputmucheffort in the data collection: • For example: • Follow-ups of refusals(in somecasesmorethantwotimes) • Usingexperiencedinterviewers in the follow-up of refusals • Tracingphonenumbers and new adresses of noncontacts • Couldanythingmore be done to increase the response rate?
Was it possible to do a thirdfollow-up? • Respondent burden – ”I’vetold you NO twotimesbefore – whycan´t you understandwhatI’msaying?” • Interviewerburden – couldwereallyassign this task to the interviewers? • Wethought that the only option at this stagewas to offer the nonrespondents a veryshortinterview • Therefore, the interviewwasshortened by Stockholm University to approximately 5 minutes
The Additional Mode • A shortinterviewwouldmostcertainlyhave a positive effect on the response rate • But, couldn´twealsogive the respondents the possibility to answer the questions in an optional mode? • Wewanted to try this approach. • Therefore, in the final follow-up, weaddeda paperquestionnairewith the same questionsas in the shorttelephoneinterview
Refusals and Noncontacts Noncontactswereonly given the option to answer the paperquestionnaire Refusalswere given the option to answer the questions in a telephoneinterviewor as a paperquestionnaire
Results of the Final Follow-up 90 % 85% 82% 79% 76% 72% 61%
Results of the Final Follow-up • About half of the additional responses were paperquestionnaires • Response rate before follow-up 61,3 % • Short telephone interviews (earlier refusals) 5,2 % • Paper questionnaires (earlier refusals) 4,0 % • Paper questionnaires (earlier noncontacts) 1,3 % • Response rate after follow-up 71,9 %
Further work is needed • The main concern with the follow-up was to increase the response rate • No evaluation of mode effects with a paper questionnaire • No evaluation if bias changed in the final follow-up • It would be interesting to study this further!
Response Rate (by Gender) Additionalresponses in the follow-up Response rate beforefollow-up