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Chapter 4 Notes

Chapter 4 Notes. The Structure Of Matter. Chapter 4.1 Notes. Chemical Bond is the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together Chemical structure: the arrangement of bonded atoms or ions within a substance

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Chapter 4 Notes

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  1. Chapter 4 Notes The Structure Of Matter

  2. Chapter 4.1 Notes Chemical Bond is the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together Chemical structure: the arrangement of bonded atoms or ions within a substance Compound- 2 or more elements chemically bonded together…NaCl, H2O, C6H12O6

  3. Solids have higher melting points because they have higher bond energy. Lots of Bonds.. Gases have lower melting points because they have lower bond energy. Liquids would be in-between.

  4. Chapter 4.2 Notes • Ionicbond: a bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions (metal + nonmetal) • Metallicbond: a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them (metals) • Covalentbond: bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons (2 nonmetals) • Polyatomicion: an ion made of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded and that act like a single ion

  5. Chapter 4.3 Notes Naming Ionic Compounds • Metal + nonmetal = ionic • Write the name of the 1st element • Write the name of the 2nd element • Change the ending to –ide • NaCl =Sodium Chloride • MgCl2 =MagnesiumChloride

  6. Naming Covalent Compounds Covalent compounds= 2 nonmetals • Write the name of the 1st element • Write the name of the 2nd element • Change the ending to –ide • Put in prefixes pg. 126 • Only use prefixes on the 1stelement if it is more than 1 NO2= Nitrogen Dioxide N2O3

  7. Writing Formulas • Write the symbols of each element • Put their charge in their upper right corner • Crisscross the numbers down (Not the charges). Example: Write the formula for Magnesium Chloride Mg Cl Mg+2 Cl-1 Mg+2 Cl-1 MgCl2 +1 +/- 4 +3 -1 +2 -3 -2

  8. Chapter 4.4 Notes • Organic compound: any covalently bonded compound that contains carbon • Polymer: a large organic molecule made of many smaller bonded units • Biochemical compound: any organic compound that has an important role in living things

  9. Work Cited • “Ball-n-stick molecule”. Jan. 24, 2008. http://www.innovation.gov.au/assets/images/nicinternet/molecules.jpg • “Lattice Structure”. Jan. 24, 2008. http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en-commons/thumb/a/ae/180px-Lithium-hydride-3D-vdW.png • “Gas molecules”. Jan. 24, 2008. http://www.phy.cuhk.edu.hk/contextual/heat/tep/trans/kinetic_theory.gif • “Liquid Molecules”. Jan. 24, 2008. http://www.physchem.co.za/Heat/Graphics/Heat16.gif • “Periodic Table of Elements”. Chart. Aug. 9, 2006. http://users.erols.com/kdennis/periodictable.jpg

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