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Unit 5 Fresh and Saltwater Systems

Unit 5 Fresh and Saltwater Systems. Topic 2 Earth’s Frozen Water Read: Pages 375 - 387. Remember to name and date your notes!. Ice covers about 10% of earth. Ice locks up 75% of earths fresh water supply.

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Unit 5 Fresh and Saltwater Systems

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  1. Unit 5 Fresh and Saltwater Systems Topic 2 Earth’s Frozen Water Read: Pages 375 - 387 Remember to name and date your notes!

  2. Ice covers about 10% of earth. • Ice locks up 75% of earths fresh water supply. • Glacier: moving mass of ice and snow. Snow doesn’t melt and piles up on itself, increasing pressure and creating ice.

  3. Banff

  4. Ice cap: a glacier that forms on level land and flow outward from it’s centre. • Icefield: upland area of ice that feeds two or more glaciers.

  5. Glacial Forming: Snowflakes > snow grains > ice crystals > ice.

  6. Valley Glacier: a glacier that forms in a mountain range. • It stays cool enough in mountains that snow does not melt.

  7. Continental Glacier: huge mass of ice and snow. Occur mostly in the N and S Poles in Greenland and Antarctica. • These are so thick that they almost bury mountain ranges.

  8. Icefall: glacier flows over a cliff and breaks up. Shasta Icefall

  9. Crevasse: a crack in the ice.

  10. Icebergs: large chunks of ice that break loose from continental glaciers. • Calve: when ice breaks loose from a glacier.

  11. As glaciers move, or melt and re-freeze, cracks are formed and rocks are moved. This is called erosion. • Striations: parallel scars or scratches formed by rocks and sound which are dragged by the glacier.

  12. Cirque: bowl shaped basin. • Arete: A ridge. • Horn: sharpened peak. Arete Cirque

  13. The Importance of Glaciers • Gradually release water during summer • Feed river systems of prairies • Helps hydroelectric plants, irrigate crops, water cattle, supply drinking water

  14. Major periods of cooling on earth are called Ice Ages. • Glaciers covered as much as 28% of the land. 120000 years ago until only 11000 years ago. 120

  15. Why Do Ice Ages Happen? • Reduction in energy given off by sun. • Volcanoes cause dust in atmosphere. • Mountain formation leads to more snow on peaks which reflects sunlight. (These are only theories)

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