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Tokugawa Japan. Powerpoint for EAST111. Historical overview. Aristocratic Society Yamato state formation Heijo (Nara), Heian (Kyoto) Warrior Society Kamakura, Ashikaga, Tokugawa (Edo) Modern Society (“emperor system”). Pre-Edo fort (16th c. Sengoku period). Tokugawa era, 1600-1868.
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Tokugawa Japan Powerpoint for EAST111
Historical overview • Aristocratic Society • Yamato state formation • Heijo (Nara), Heian (Kyoto) • Warrior Society • Kamakura, Ashikaga, Tokugawa (Edo) • Modern Society (“emperor system”)
Tokugawa era, 1600-1868 "Japan at the End of the Edo Period," Felix Beato (Yokohama Archives of History Collection)
Oda Nobunaga • Toyotomi Hideyoshi • Tokugawa Ieyasu Images from “D-project”
Hideyoshi--forerunner • Sword hunt • Land survey • Implication? • Separation of samurai and commoner • Four class system (Artisan, Merchant, Peasant, Samurai--order?) • Samurai • Peasant • Artisan • Merchant Toyotomi Hideyoshi by ISHIKAWA Mitsuaki. Univ. Art Mueum, Tokyo Nat’l University of Fine Arts and Music.
4 status system • Artisan • Peasant • Merchant • Samurai • Samurai • Ruling class, 10% of population • Peasant • Agrarian-based society/economy • Artisan • Merchant
Chinese: Scholar official Peasant Artisan Merchant Choson Korea Yangban Peasant Artisans “lowborn” Other Four-class systems
Ideological Categorization of daimyo and Four-class system Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism Sacralization of founder--Nikko Imperial patronage Int’l relations Alternate attendance Regulation of daimyo marriages Levies and assignments--repair, rebuild One castle/one domain Re-investiture on daimyo inheritance Threat of expropriation Other mechanisms of control
Tokugawa-era castletown Brown=high-ranking Samurai Tan=lower-level samurai Orange/yellow=merchant areas Blue=shrines and temples
Alternate attendance Regulation of daimyo marriages Levies and assignments--repair, rebuild One castle/one domain Re-investiture on daimyo inheritance Threat of expropriation Sword hunt, land survey, and four-class system Ideological Financial? Commercial? Social? Cultural? Implications
The Sekisui map of Japan, 1783 • The Whole Map of Japan. Nagakubo Sekisui and Osei Soya. 1783. One of the first maps published in Japan to have the meridians and parallels as well as the scale of distance clearly marked. Sekisui consultated many sources, beginning with maps made by the shogunate, before drafting his own map. The "Sekisui map" became the authoritative map of Japan for the next ninety years until the fall of the Tokugawa regime. • From the Yale University Library Map Collection. URL: • http://www.library.yale.edu/MapColl/Lan18.htm
Troubles within • Urbanization • Commercialization • Bureaucratization • Peasant disturbances • Samurai intellectual discourse
Peter Duus, “Weapons of the weak, weapons of the strong:--the development of the Japanese political cartoon.” Journal of Asian Studies 60.4 (Nov. 2001).
From Shogun to Emperor Meiji emperor 1868 • Tokugawa Ieyasu Shogun