Jennifer Kim Nicole Plummer Jakeisha Robinson Lisa Schrodt

1. Fad Diets and Eating Disorders CHAPTER 6, Lesson 2- Glencoe Health: A Guide to Wellness Jennifer Kim Nicole Plummer Jakeisha Robinson Lisa Schrodt

2. Presentation

3. DIET…What does it really mean? • Probably one of the most hated words in the English language • Diet- the usual food and drink of a person or animal.

4. “Yo-Yo” Dieting • Individuals go on and off these diets, so their weight fluctuates • This cycle of losing, regaining, losing, and regaining weight is known as weight cycling.

5. Risky Weight-Loss Strategies • Fasting • Avoiding food is dangerous for even a short time- it can deprive you of vital nutrients

6. Risky Weight-Loss Strategies • Liquid Protein Diets • High-protein, low carbohydrate liquid diets can have very serious side effects, even death • U.S. Food and Drug Administration requires a warning label on these products

7. Risky Weight-Loss Strategies • Diet Pills • Some pills claim to “burn,” “block,” or “flush,” fat from the system. • There are NO low-risk pills that do this • May help control appetite, but can have serious side effects such as drowsiness, anxiety.

8. Fad Diets • “Approaches to weight control that are popular for a short time, but rarely have any lasting effect.” • What are some common “fad diets?” *grapefruit diet *cabbage soup diet • Let’s see how much you know!

9. Common Fad Diets • Already mentioned the cabbage soup diet and grapefruit diet • Atkins diet- cut back on carbohydrates and eat all the meat you want • South Beach diet- avoid all highly processed carbohydrates • Hollywood diet- no eating, only drinking

10. Risks of Fad Diets • Some fad diets cost a lot of money • Most are even more costly to the individual’s health • Risks FAR outweigh any benefits • Weight loss is usually from water, not body fat

11. 7 Warning Signs of Fad Diets! BEWARE! of any diet or product that: 1. Involves eating only one food 2. Claims that you can eat anything you want or as much as you want 3. Promises quick results 4. Supplies too few calories—below 1,400 calories a day—for energy and health

12. 7 Warning Signs, continued… 5. Requires a weight loss aid, such as a vitamin pill, a body wrap, liquid shake, appetite suppressant, or the purchase of merchandise 6. Promises spot reducing—weight loss occurs all over, not specific spots! 7. Does not teach a person how to make lifestyle changes to achieve permanent weight loss

13. Did You Know…? • The average female fashion model is about 5’8” and weighs less than 110 pounds • Many young women compare themselves to these unrealistic body images and it contributes to eating disorders.

14. Eating Disorders • There are 2 main eating disorders • Research has shown that about 1% of US teens have an eating disorder

15. Anorexia Nervosa • “A disorder in which the irrational fear of becoming obese results in severe weight loss from self-induced starvation.” • Anorexia= without appetite • Nervosa=of nervous origin

16. Anorexia Nervosa • Psychological disorder with emotional and physical consequences • Self-concept plays a huge role in whether one person is more susceptible than another for an eating disorder.

17. Signs of Anorexia Nervosa • The following behaviors are typical: • Extremely low caloric intake • Obsession with exercising • Emotional distress • Unnatural interest in food • Distorted body image • Denial of an eating problem*

18. Signs of Anorexia Nervosa • Physical symptoms of anorexia • Extreme weight loss • Constipation • Hormonal changes • Heart damage • BMI (body mass index) 30% below normal. • See graph next page

19. Body Mass Index Graph Remember our model? 5’8” and 110 pounds… How healthy is she?

20. Physical Symptoms continued… • Impaired immune function • Decreased heart rate • Cessation of menstrual cycle in females • Death

21. Who’s Most at Risk? • Females 13-15 and 17-18 • Women and men in “appearance” sports: dancing, gymnastics, track, wrestling, etc. • Men and women in the military • Vegetarians

22. Re-Cap: Anorexia • At least 15% to 60% of normal body weight is lost • Individuals with anorexia have an intense fear of gaining weight • Obsessive compulsive behavior, excessive exercising, depression, and talking about food and their weight all the time are significant indicators of anorexia

23. Bulimia Nervosa • “A disorder in which cycles of overeating are followed by some form of purging” • Bulimia= excessive or insatiable appetite • Nervosa= of nervous origin

24. Bulimia • A person with bulimia follows a restrictive diet then binges--quickly eats large quantities of food--when hungry • This behavior is followed by self- induced vomiting or purging through abuse of laxatives

25. Bulimia • After a binge, a person may try to follow a severely restrictive diet* • Vomiting or purging becomes a daily routine

26. Side effects of Bulimia • Dehydration (from vomiting and diarrhea) • Kidney damage • Irregular heartbeat • Erosion of tooth enamel, tooth decay, damage to tissues of stomach, esophagus, and mouth

27. Side effects of Bulimia • Laxative abuse interferes with digestion and absorption • Nutrient deficiencies • Serious damage of blood composition • Death

28. Did you know? • Though secretive, bulimics often know they have a problem. • Bulimics often look like they’re at a normal weight, so it could be anyone…your neighbor boyfriend, girl friend, etc.

29. Did you know? • Bingeing 2 times or more a week for 6 months classifies a person as bulimic, although once a week is usually enough. • Eating 5,000-15,000 calories in one sitting is considered a binge • Time to test your knowledge!

30. How can you help? • If you have a friend with an eating disorder, follow these tips: • Listen • Use active listening skills and encourage your friend to share feelings honestly • Help your friend find an adult or professional help.

31. Where to get help… • It is helpful to go to an adult, whether it’s the school nurse, a counselor, your parents, or your friends parents • However, if you have no idea where to go or what to do you can call these national hotlines for eating disorders:

32. Hotline Numbers • National Eating Disorders Association: • 1-800-931-2237 • National Eating Disorders Association • National Eating Disorder Referral and Information Center: • 858-481-1515

33. Remember! • You cannot force someone to change, but anorexia and bulimia are very serious disorders. If someone confides in you, you need to tell an adult so they can get help. • THEY CAN DIE FROM THIS!

34. Remember! • Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa are not diseases; they are symptoms of other problems • This makes them psychological disorders • People with these disorders need medical and professional help—DO NOT try and counsel a friend on your own!

35. Any Questions? THANK YOU!!!!