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The Global Automotive Industry Climate Change and CO 2 Fuel Quality and Emissions

The Global Automotive Industry Climate Change and CO 2 Fuel Quality and Emissions Transport CO2 emissions compared to TOTAL man made emissions 12.2% 18.2% Fuel combustion for other uses Manufacturing & Construction 15.9% Electricity Generation & Heating 43.9%

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The Global Automotive Industry Climate Change and CO 2 Fuel Quality and Emissions

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  1. The Global Automotive IndustryClimate Change and CO2Fuel Quality and Emissions

  2. Transport CO2 emissions compared to TOTAL man made emissions 12.2% 18.2% Fuel combustion for other uses Manufacturing & Construction 15.9% Electricity Generation & Heating 43.9% Road Transport (Cars, Trucks & Buses) Road transport share of global CO2 emissions: LESS THAN 16% COST EFFICIENCY IS CRUCIAL !

  3. CO2 emissions - EU-15 Sales weighted average – new passenger cars -12.4 % since 1995 8 l/100km 190 7.2 l/100km 180 170 6.7 l/100km grammes/km 160 Petrol 150 5.8 l/100km Diesel 140 All fuels 130 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Source: EU Commission communication – SEC(2006)1078

  4. Research and Development • 85 billion €/year in R&D • >1000000 cars/year in EU with <120 g/km CO2 • Development of sophisticated technologies • New propulsion technologies / alternative fuels • Affordability • Time to bring to the market • Time to replace existing fleets

  5. The Integrated Approach to reduce Road Transport CO2 • Vehicle technology and its penetration • Fuel infrastructure • Improved traffic management • Final consumer – ECO driving Government policies: Clear Coherent Predictable Stable

  6. Fuel Quality • Vehicle and fuel: one complete integrated system • Clean vehicles need clean fuels • UN ECE activities starting to define link emissions/vehicle/fuel • Strong support by auto industry

  7. Reducing CO2 emissions The situation in Europe Xavier Fels President CCFA (French Automotive Manufacturers Association)Vice-President OICA Geneva Motor Show5 March 2008

  8. The “engine” of Europe • 18.6 million vehicles produced per year, 1/3 of global production • 2.3 million direct jobs, indirect employment for another 10 million families • € 20 billion in R&D spending, largest private investor • € 41.6 billion of net trade contribution • € 360 billion of tax revenues

  9. The automotive industry is committed • Automotive industry is strongly involved and committed • 13% reduction CO2 emissions through vehicle performance only (1995-2005) • Car industry is building on significant technological investments and progress to date • All manufacturers are making considerable efforts: • Need for global, consistent and cost-effectiveaction. Engine and transmission Light weight materials Improved aerodynamics Alternative fuel technologies Friction reduction Hybrid, plug-in … and many more

  10. EU Commission only focus on car technology • December 19, 2007 : European Commission’s legislative proposal on CO2 reduction from cars : • 120g/km in 2012: • 130g/km through technologies (e.g. engine) • 5g/km through bio fuels • 5g/km through complementary vehicle technology measures (Gear shift indicator, Energy-efficient air-conditioning, Low rolling resistance tyres, Tyre pressure monitoring systems,…) • Narrow focus only on new car technologyinstead of an integrated approach involving all relevant stakeholders • Contrary to holistic approach adopted in Commission’s Energy Efficiency Action Plan • Contrary to better regulation principles

  11. Reducing CO2 emissions – – integrated approach An integrated approach Delivering majority of new car CO2 reductions Influencing demand in a harmonised way Sustainable production Reducing congestion

  12. Unrealistic lead time (1) • 2012 for reaching 130g/km for new car fleet is unrealistic: • Typical product cycle for a car is ~6-7 years; development phase is ~5 years from concept definition until start of production • Of new cars sold in 2012… • Nearly 2/3 are already in execution or production phase • The remaining 1/3 are already in concept phase • 

  13. Unrealistic lead time (2)

  14. The European auto industry needs: • Engagementof the consumers through a CO2 oriented labelling and tax policy • Fair and cost-effective rules it can comply with, in particular: • Level of compensation payments that should be no higher than for other sectors (the proposed level of penalty is equivalent to €475 per ton while the current CO2 price on the market is €5 per ton !) • Better reward and encouragement for “eco innovations” such as: • Energy-saving car lights, tools to personalise engine and transmission management, tailored on-board computers and navigation systems…

  15.  The European auto industry needs to maintain diversity and affordability of cars to customers. Thank you

  16. How the United States Is Meeting the CO2 Challenge March 5, 2008 PRESENTATION BYDave McCurdyPresident & CEOAlliance of Automobile Manufacturers

  17. Higher MPG, Lower CO2 The historic 2007 U.S. Energy Bill will produce dramatic results by 2020: Raises mileage standards to 35 MPG, a 40% increase; Reduces carbon dioxide (CO2) from autos by 30%; Avoids 206 million metric tons of greenhouse gases annually; Lowers oil consumption by 1.1 million barrels a day; Saves 18 billion gallons of gasoline per year; and Requires 36 billion gallons of renewable fuels annually. 18 18

  18. Automakers Represent the First Industry to Make Dramatic CO2 Reductions America needs a more CO2-efficient society, and a new fleet of CO2-efficient autos will be dominating the marketplace.d produce less CO2. By reducing CO2 by 30%, automakers will lead all industries in setting a clear path to meeting the recent United Nations Bali Climate Change Summit’s goal of a 50% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2050. 19 19

  19. A Multi-Sector Approach to Climate Change EFFECTIVE POLICY NEEDS TO: Foster more alternative fuel choices, especially more low-carbon, renewable fuels; Implement an aggressive program to enhance America’s fuels infrastructure, so our advanced technology autos have the fuels needed to power them; Empower the research and development community to move us closer to technology breakthroughs like batteries for plug-in hybrids and fuel cells; Encourage the U.S. investment community to stimulate economic investments in our future fuels and technologies; Involve all levels of government. Consumers Policy should encourage consumers to conserve fuel and to consider purchasing one of the many fuel-efficient autos on sale today. 20

  20. An effective climate change policy must be built upon a multi-sector approach that involves all stakeholders. • A Multi-Sector Approachto Climate Change UTILITIES & MANUFACTURING CONSUMERS FUEL PROVIDERS AIRPLANES LOW-CARBON FUELS AUTOS BOATS TRAINS 21

  21. Japan’s Approachto CO2 Reduction Yoshiyasu Nao President Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc. 5 March 2008

  22. CO2 emissions in Japan’s transport sector are decreasing. In line with the Kyoto Protocol, the Japanese government formulated a target achievement plan which established CO2 reduction targets for all major sectors including the transport sector. Since peaking in 2001, CO2 emissions in Japan’s transport sector have been on a downward trend, dropping to 254 million tons in 2006. Through greater automotive fuel efficiency, improved traffic flow, the wider use of alternative-energy vehicles and other measures including the adoption of eco-driving practices, the transport sector’s target for 2010 is achievable. Greater fuel efficiency 21.0 CO2 Emission Volumes in Japan’s Transport Sector Other: 5.6 An estimated 54.9 million tons of CO2 will not be emitted (through greater fuel efficiency: 21 million tons; through improved traffic flow: 28.3 million tons; through wider use of alternative-energy vehicles and other measures : 5.6 million tons) in order to meet Japan’s Kyoto Protocol-related transport-sector target. Improved traffic flow: 28.3 million tons 2010 Source: Ministry of Environment data Source: JAMA

  23. Achieving Greater Fuel Efficiency ★The average fuel efficiency of new cars sold in Japan is increasing every year, making a significant contribution to CO2 reduction. ★Japan’s 2010 fuel efficiency standard for passenger cars has already been met (and in fact exceeded), as a result of intensive efforts and considerable financial investment by Japan’s automakers. ★Reducing CO2 emissions in the transport sector by 21 million tons through greater fuel efficiency, as per Japan’s Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan, is achievable. ★JAMA member companies are now working hard towards compliance with Japan’s very stringent 2015 fuel efficiency standard for passenger cars. Trend in the Average Fuel-Efficiency Performance of Gasoline-Powered Passenger Cars 2015 fuel efficiency target Average fuel efficiency for new cars sold in Japan reached 16.0 km/l in 2006, exceeding the 2010 target of 15.1 km/l. Average fuel efficiency performance (new vehicles) Despite the achievements in fuel efficiency performance to date, meeting the 2015 target remains a major challenge.

  24. Improving Traffic Flow Improved traffic flow contributes to CO2 reduction by enabling increased vehicle speed, which in turn contributes to greater automotive fuel efficiency. CO2 emissions Improved traffic flow is achieved through: 　○Improvements to road infrastructure 　○Greater efficiency in goods distribution 　○Wider application of ITS 　○Use of advanced signal-control systems Etc. CO2 emission levels Source: Japan Automobile Research Institute data

  25. Adopting an Integrated Sectoral Approach to CO2 Reduction Improving automotive fuel efficiency and traffic flow is not enough to reduce CO2 emissions in the road transport sector. An integrated approach is required, which includes the development and supply of alternative fuels and a more efficient use of vehicles. The adoption of these measures will ultimately make CO2 reduction efforts compatible with economic growth. All stakeholders concerned should identify their individual responsibilities and make their best efforts to carry them out, in a framework of mutual cooperation. Government/ Fuel suppliers/ Automakers [biofuels, etc.] Automakers/ Government [fuel efficiencystandards] Supply of Alternative Fuels Greater Fuel Efficiency Vehicle users (with the cooperation of fleet operators & government promotion) [eco-driving, vehicle sharing, more efficient goods distribution, shift to rail transport, etc.] Government [road infrastructure upgrades, ITS, enforce- ment of parking bans, etc.] More Efficient Use of Motor Vehicles Improved Traffic Flow

  26. Summary ★CO2 reductions in the transport sector can be achieved through comprehensive measures including greater automotive fuel efficiency (through improved vehicle technologies), improved traffic flow (through road infrastructure improvements including better traffic management), and the more efficient use of vehicles. ★Under Japan’s Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan, an integrated, sectoral approach to reducing road transport CO2 emissions is steadily proving successful. ★The sectoral approach can be adopted globally on a country-by-country basis. JAMA hopes that many countries will decide to adopt this approach and take action accordingly, so that CO2 reductions can be achieved worldwide.

  27. Thank you! Read our annual environment report @www.jama-english.jp

  28. Overview of Current Fuel consumption targets in EU, US and Japan • Corporate Average Fuel Economy (Uniform Target) • Present target: 27,5 mpg = ~ 204 gCO2/km (US Cycle) • Penalties: 5,5 $ per 0,1 mpg = ~ 5 € per gCO2/km x vol. cars • Future Target: 35 mpg by 2020 = ~ 160 gCO2/km (US Cycle) • Parametric approach: Weight (segmentation) • Future Target: 16.8 km/l by 2015 = 138 g CO2/km (Japan Cycle) • Penalties: ~ 6.000 €/manufacturer • Integrated Approach: Approximately 50% CO2 reduction by infrastructure • Parametric approach: Weight (segmentation) • Target: 120 gCO2/km by 2012 (130 g through Vehicle Technology - 10 g through Complementary measures & biofuels) • Penalties: 2012 / 2013 / 2014 / 2015 20 / 35 / 60 / 95 € / g CO2/km x vol. cars • Integrated Approach : 5 gr CO2 reduction by biofuels – • NO reduction by Infrastructure Commission proposal - under discussion

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