OXYDOL AND THE TREATMENT OF ALGAE-EUTROPHICATION

1. OXYDOL AND THE TREATMENT OF ALGAE-EUTROPHICATION • AGRANCO CORP. USA • 2014 S.W. 24 TERRACE, MIAMI, FL 33145 • Tel (305) 856 3782 Fax (305) 856 3734 WWW.AGRANCO.COM

2. WHAT IS EUTROPHYCATION ? In quite waters, such as lake and lagoons, aquatic vegetation proliferate due to nutritious elements such as nitrates and phosphates that act as fertilizers . The principal source of nutrients are the black waters and agricultural drainage that originate massive growth of algae , which generate great quantities of vegetable mass on the waters and its further accumulations on the lake sides

3. WHAT IS EUTROPHICATION ? • . When these plants die , bacterial activity on its decomposition consume a lot of dissolved oxygen causing anaerobic conditions. This is called anoxia.

4. WHAT IS EUTROPHYCATION? • Eutrophication ( from the greek eu, good , and trophe , feeding)is a natural process of aging of stilled waters or slow running, with and excess of nutrients and that accumulates excess vegetal matter in the process of decomposition .The plants take possession until converting it in a swamp and then it dries up.

5. WHAT IS EUTROPHYCATION ? The problems originate when man contaminate the lakes and rivers with excess nutrients that accelerate the process of eutrophication, that cause the accelerated process of growth of algae , the death of fish and the rest of the aquatic fauna and flora, generating anaerobic conditions.

6. WHAT IS EUTROPHYCATION • The eutrophycation process results from the utilization of phosphates and nitrates as fertilizers in agricultural operations, of the organic matters from detergents made with phosphates that are dragged and dumped in rivers and lakes and are a grave problem in still waters closed to urban or agricultural centers .

7. WHAT IS EUTROPHYCATION? During warm times the overcharge of these chemical products that serve as nutrients , generate the accelerated growth of vegetation , sucxh as, algae, cianobacteria, aquatic lentils , which when they die, and decomposed by aerobic bacteria provoke the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the vegetable layer of the water and cause the death of different types of aquatic organisms that consume oxygen , the river and lake waters. An eutrophic lake, is such of low depth and poor dissolved oxygen content but rich in nutritive materials and organic matter.

8. SOME CHANGES THAT OCCUR WITH EUTROPHYCATION BIOLOGICAL CHANGES -Considerable increase of Phytoplankton. The green blue algae that develop spectacularly, while other types, disappear. -Bacterial activity increases (ANAEROBIC) - Aquatic animals get sick and die

9. SOME CHANGES THAT OCCUR DURING EUTROPHYCATION • PHYSICAL CHANGES • The rest of the dead plants and animals accummlate in depth , stopping water (Organic Matter) • Water turn brown and with bad odors . Changes color- red, green, yellow and brown.

10. SOME CHANGES THAT OCCUR DURING EUTREOPHYCATION • CHEMICAL CHANGES • The dissolved oxygen lowers from 9 mg/l to 4 mg/l which affects immediately the aquatic living organisms.When the level lowers to 2 mg/l, all organisms are dead. -There is a significant elevation of BOD. -The concentration of nitrogenous compounds and phosphates increases, as well as those of other chemical elements

11. Eutrophycation • The excessive use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural fields are a source of contamination of rivers and lakes when they are dragged by irrigation and rain waters.

12. Eutrophycation •    The solution to the eutrophycation process caused in lakes, rivers and stilled waters because of the excess of nutrients is- • a) The use of prevention methods of contamination by phophates and nitrates and excess of nutrients. • b) Methods to clean the waters in process of eutrophycation.

13. Eutrophycation • To have a better knowledge of the effect of detergents in waters, the section of SurfaceTension , should be consulted. When there is disolved in liquids , aerobic bactaria act.They breath disolved oxygen breaking down organic matter (lakes and rivers).

14. Eutrophycation • Algae are unicelular plants that contain chlorophyl and show the most persistence survival. They disseminate quickly . There are more that 30,000 types of algae. They require warm waters , sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow.

15. Eutrophycation • There are varios types of algae- green, yellow, black, clear, pink, red, and others.Green algae is the one that ussually float in the water, where as the black algae, are found adhered to walls and bottom. The black and yellos algae are the most difficult to kill.

16. Eutrophycation • Prevention , is the most effective form of fighting Algae.

17. Destruction of Algae • The greates source of nutrients of algae are nytrogen (nitrites), phosphates and potassium, the same macronutrients as for plants. In their competition with algae, the vascular plants have an advantage, the latter ones, have the capacity to store excess nutrients temporarily, while the lagae are impeded to do so for suvival. If there is an absence of nutrients , even on the short term, the algae dies.

18. Oxydol and the destruction of algae. • Normally, the presence of dissolved solids prevent the entrance of light , stopping the photosynthesis process and the production of oxygen. The absence of oxygen originate the anaerobic processes , at at the same time provide nutrients for algae, breaking down the organic matter. At the same time, among which are production of ammonia, ( H2S ) sulphidric acid, and methane, producers of bad and toxic odors, and propulsors of anaerobic process.

19. Oxydol and the destruction of algae. • OXYDOL have shown in ïn vitro¨ and ¨In Vivo´ studies , the reduction of total solids, suspended solids , dissolved solids ammonia and nitrites , due to its ability to break down organic matter and dissolved solids. As a consequence the is the interruption of the anaerobic process , giving origin to the oxygen producion aerobic processes.

20. Oxydol and the destruction of algae • OXYDOL break down organic matter and suspended solids allowing sunlight to pass through , which give origin to photosynthesis in vascular plants and the production of oxygen. At the same time it reduces the source of nutrients for algae , such as nitrites , the ammonia and hydrogen sulphide, all propulsors of the anaerobic process.

21. Oxydol en la destruccion de algas • El OXYDOL , adicionalmente, para la descomposición natural de la materia orgánica, parando también la producción de CH4 (Metano) y H2S (Ácido Sulfídrico. • El OXYDOL, como consecuencia de los procesos arriba descritos, disminuye a DBO (Demanda Biológica de Oxígeno), a medida que estos procesos van cobrando fuerza y comienzan a predominar en el sistema ecológico.

22. Oxydol and the destruction of algae. • As a results of the ever presence and continueos production of oxygen and the continueos reduction of nutrients for algae, the algae start to die, while in a natural way , the body of water recovers life.

23. Oxydol and the destruction of algae • Information compiled from various technical publications on the subject matter by- • AGRANCO CORP. (USA) • José E. Ferrer, Ph.D. • Presidente