PCR Primer Gene Synthesis: Overview

1. PCR Primer Gene Synthesis: Overview A primer is related to genomics and gene-based synthesis and it is a short-single stranded DNA fragment used in a wide range of laboratory applications and techniques like Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The DNA synthesis of oligonucleotides has become an emerging and enabling technology in the field of synthetic biology and modern molecular biology and life science. PCR method hybridizes sample DNA with a pair of primers. The process helps researchers obtain millions of copies of DNA fragments in a very short timeframe. Researchers widely used primers for DNA sequencing and other experimental applications as well as processes. Short-single stranded DNA fragments or Primers target unique DNA sequences and can help lab practitioners and researchers to identify a unique part of the genome. The method has become beneficial for researchers in designing, building, testing, learning, and repeating synthesis methods and cycles. PCR primer synthesis continues to play a significant role in the field of molecular biology and scientifical experiments taking place in different laboratories and research facilities. ThePCR technique has completely revolutionized modern biology and provides researchers with opportunities to make more DNA on a large scale. A large volume of DNA can be replicated by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The PCR technique heavily relies and depends on the

2. use of different essential chemical ingredients and components. A number of chemical ingredients used in this process include a DNA polymerase, a small number of DNA templates, four deoxyribonucleotides, a few necessary iron and salt, and a pair of primers. PCR reaction sequence involves three specific temperature-dependent steps to complete the examination. At first, the starting solution is heated between 90 degrees to 100 degrees celsius. The heating process helps to break the Hydrogen bonds between the two strands of the original DNA. In the second step of the PCR primer synthesis, the reaction mixture is quickly cooled down and provides primers with the opportunities to bind to their complementary sequences on the single- stranded templates. In the third stage, the solution is heated again to 60 degrees to 75 degrees celsius for less than a minute which allows DNA polymerase to add nucleotides to the primer and help to synthesize a new DNA strand. Nowadays, there are many DNA synthesis service providers available in the market that produce synthesized DNAs on a large scale and deliver them to a variety of research applications and laboratories.