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Community Corrections

Community Corrections. Vincent Holland. Community Corrections. My Background Criminal records of those I admire. Examples Car theft & returned Person heating his feet Grandmother who reported the drug dealing at the home Home detention theft next door Long phone-line.

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Community Corrections

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  1. Community Corrections Vincent Holland

  2. Community Corrections • My Background • Criminal records of those I admire. • Examples • Car theft & returned • Person heating his feet • Grandmother who reported the drug dealing at the home • Home detention theft next door • Long phone-line

  3. Community Corrections • What population has the following characteristics? (Arnold M. Ludwig (N 1941) • Over 20% were arrested and imprisoned. (13% after gaining notoriety) • 12% died a violent death • 15% were diagnosed as alcoholic • 14% suffered severe depression • 28% had one psychiatric disorder, and 15% had three or more psychiatric disorders (55% evidenced some level of psychiatric disorders)

  4. MENTAL HEALTH COURT INITIATIVE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Law Enforcement Local Jails Municipal Courts Common Pleas Court System Specialized Prosecutors Specialized Defense Counsel Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Police Officers Special Dockets MH Liaison & Criminal Justice Case Review Mental Health Component 29-Nov-01

  5. MENTAL HEALTH COURT INITIATIVE Points of Identification, Assessment, Case Review & Access to Service CIT Jail Incident reported or observed Complaint filed Arrest Booked Prosecutor reviews case Felony - skip 3 spaces Bail Initial Appearance In Municipal Court Jail Bail Jail Bound over to Grand Jury Felony: Initial Appearance/ Preliminary Hearing (3D) Sentencing Plea Bail Indictment Jail Bail Jail Prison Arraignment Pretrial Hearings Plea / Trial Pre-sentence Investigation / Sentencing Jail Fine Probation Bail 3/05

  6. Community Corrections • Probation • Community Control • Shock Probation • Judicial Release • Parole • Post-conviction release

  7. Community corrections • Philosophical differences between MR/DD and criminal justice • Language • Cultural socialization • Philosophical foundations • Judeo-Christian • Modernity • Pragmatism & Legal theoretical frame

  8. M.R.O. • 1990s Ohio Department of MR/DD supported the right of self-determination and consumer choice in service selection • Last few years there have been funding losses due to Federal and State cutbacks.

  9. M.R.O. • Often under-identified and under reported within the jail and prison systems • More likely to be convicted, receive a prison sentence and serve more time than other offenders. • More likely to confess when they are not guilty. • American Disabilities Act requires all corrections agencies establish screening and rehabilitation programs.

  10. M.R.O • Prevalence in the population is 1% to 2% • Prevalence in the criminal justice system is 4% to 10% • Disproportionately from low-income minority groups. • “last to leave scene, first to get arrested and first to confess. (Police officer).”

  11. Community Control • Contradiction • Criminal Justice experience is an individual experience • Charge-Sentencing-Dispositions • Treatment experience is multi-tiered • Advocate-team approach-support service persons.

  12. Community Control • Often in the Court experience the least considered factor is the MR/DD aspect • Chemical Dependency • Risk-level • Mental illness • Traditional court orders

  13. Overview of the System

  14. Prosecution and Pretrial • Felony • More Serious Crimes • 5 Degrees • Petty theft over $500 • Misdemeanor • 4 degrees • Petty theft $500 and under

  15. Community Corrections Most PRISON BOOT CAMP CBCF JAIL WORK RELEASE RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT FACILITY HALFWAY HOUSE INTENSIVE SUPERVISION HOUSE ARREST DAY REPORTING PROBATION/COMMUNITY CONTROL COMMUNITY SERVICE FINANCIAL SANCTIONS (Restitution, Court Costs Day Fines, Fines, Supervision Fees, Forfeiture) DRUG COURT TREATMENT IN LIEU OF CONVICTION PRE-TRIAL DIVERSION • Community Corrections includes all correctional programs operated at the local level. • In Ohio, communities establish a continuum of programs to meet their needs. R E S T R I C T I O N Least

  16. Community Corrections • Source • High times • Murder dog • (Feed THE Block) • Allhiphop.com • Urbandictionary.com

  17. Community Corrections • Probation-community control • ORC 2929.51 • Post-release control-parole • 2967.28 • JUDICIAL RELEASE-SHOCK • 5120.331 • 1964 Ohio first state to use shock probation

  18. Specialized Dockets • Specialized Cases • Offender Usually Repeat Offender • Judge Involved in Treatment • Offender Agrees to Intensive Treatment • Long Term

  19. Community Corrections • General supervision • Risk-needs scales • Intensive supervision models • Georgia • New Jersey • Mixed (back-door front door models) • Prediction tools Isthmus, Canadian (Andrews & Bandura) Ohio (Latessa) • Risk-recidivism (some dangerousness)

  20. Post Release Control • Upon Release from Prison • Set by Law • State Supervision • Offenders Receive Services

  21. House Arrest • Restricted Access to Community • Electronic Devices • Allows to Maintain Employment • Community Supervision

  22. Community Corrections • Day reporting • Home detention (alco-sensors, location devices, GEO-mapping) • Passive & active systems • Sex offender project • Mentally Retarded offender project • Mentally Disordered offender project

  23. Community Corrections • Work release program • Self Center • Half-way house initiatives • Oriana House, Harbor Light Complex etc. • Treatment specialist (alcohol & drug placement) • Alcohol & Drug Dependency Unit (1980s to 1990s)

  24. MRDD Offender Behind Bars • May adjust easily due to structure • May have hard time following rules • Less likely to participate in programs • Less likely to receive early parole • More time served for similar crimes & sentences • Often victimized by other inmates (& staff?)

  25. Community Corrections • Pre-sentence investigation reports • Report drafted prior to sentencing • Some Post (after sentencing) • Information: offense summary, criminal record, background information, medical, family, work, education, mental health chemical use and other significant issues are summarized

  26. Mental Health Courts • Professional mental health staff involved • Cooperative with courts • Offenders are on “treatment in lieu” status • Medication involved • Judge reviews cases periodically • Court can terminiate

  27. Community Corrections • Service contracts: • Boards of mental health MR/DD, Alcohol and drug services, Sex offender services and others. • Efficiency, network, hollow state • Specialization and business principled driven • There is even talk about privatizing probation and community corrections services. • Local, State and national organization representation.

  28. Community Corrections • Reentry issues • 600,000 released yearly • 7,000 Cuyahoga in 2008 • 11,000 Cuyahoga in 2011 • STOP (Short term Offender Project) • 63% release within one-year or less • Cost of visitation & Phone service expenses • Distance from area of arrest.

  29. Community Corrections • What works in corrections (Doris Layton MacKenzie (2006) • Intended and unintended consequences • Teaching leadership to gang members, and negotiating skills to hardened criminals. • Gang summits: (Unintended consequences). • Empirically interpreted • Metaanalysis studies (i.e. analyzing multiple studies of the same project types).

  30. Community Corrections • What works • Targeting criminogenic needs • Impulse control, anger management, Peer influences, pro-criminal attitudes and pro-criminal associations. • Big eight risk factors: antisocial attitudes, antisocial associations, history of antisocial behavior, antisocial personality patterns, problematic circumstances at home, school or work, problematic leisure circumstances and substance abuse. • *note mental illness is not a criminogenic factor

  31. Community Corrections • Thank you • May you have a great career? • Vincent D. Holland • (216) 348-4850 or 443-7880 • cpvdh@cuyahogacounty.us. Work • vincent1951@ameritech.net. Home

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